Ahmadi Tayebeh, Shabani Leila, Sabzalian Mohammad R
Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
Research Institute of Biotechnology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
Bot Stud. 2021 Jun 5;62(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s40529-021-00316-7.
Nowadays, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as a new lighting technology, have been emerged as an alternative source of light for plants due to their wavelength specificity, the narrow width of their bands, small size, solid structure, long lifetime, and low heat generation. Here we investigated the effect of different LED light sources on the essential oil components and antioxidant activity of Melissa officinalis. Two genotypes of lemon balm (Ilam and Isfahan) were subjected to four artificial light treatments, including white, red, blue, red + blue LEDs, and greenhouse light as natural lighting.
The LED lights significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weights and leaf number in the two genotypes as compared to greenhouse condition. The results showed that the content and composition of essential oil in the two genotypes were variable under different light treatments and the total amount of compounds in the Ilam genotype was higher than the other genotype. The results of analysis of the essential oil by GC/MS indicated that the highest amount of monoterpenes in the genotypes was related to citronellal under red + blue LED lamps (15.3 and 17.2% in Ilam and Isfahan genotypes, respectively) but blue, white, and greenhouse condition had the most effect on sesquiterpenes content in both genotypes. The results showed that the observed variation between the two genotypes in the essentials oil composition was related to the relative percentage of the constituents and not to the appearance or lack of a specific component. Red + blue lighting also provided the highest radical scavenging activity in both genotypes (80.77 and 82.09% for Ilam and Isfahan genotypes, respectively). Based on principal component analyses (PCA), three main groups were identified regarding genotypes and all light treatments.
Overall, results indicated that the essentials oil composition of two genotypes of lemon balm was affected both qualitatively and quantitatively by different LED light sources; hence, LED lights might be used to improve monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and antioxidant activity in the selected genotypes.
如今，发光二极管（LED）作为一种新的照明技术，因其波长特异性、窄带宽度、小尺寸、坚固结构、长寿命和低发热等特点，已成为植物的替代光源。在此，我们研究了不同LED光源对香蜂草精油成分和抗氧化活性的影响。两种基因型的柠檬香脂（伊拉姆和伊斯法罕）接受了四种人工光照处理，包括白色、红色、蓝色、红色+蓝色LED灯，以及作为自然光照的温室光照。
与温室条件相比，LED灯显著增加了两种基因型的地上部鲜重、干重和叶片数量。结果表明，在不同光照处理下，两种基因型的精油含量和成分存在差异，伊拉姆基因型的化合物总量高于另一个基因型。通过气相色谱/质谱联用仪（GC/MS）对精油进行分析的结果表明，在红色+蓝色LED灯下，基因型中最高含量的单萜类化合物与香茅醛有关（伊拉姆和伊斯法罕基因型分别为15.3%和17.2%），但蓝色、白色和温室条件对两种基因型的倍半萜类化合物含量影响最大。结果表明，两种基因型在精油成分上观察到的差异与成分的相对百分比有关，而与特定成分的出现或缺失无关。红色+蓝色光照在两种基因型中也提供了最高的自由基清除活性（伊拉姆和伊斯法罕基因型分别为80.77%和82.09%）。基于主成分分析（PCA），确定了关于基因型和所有光照处理的三个主要组。
总体而言，结果表明不同LED光源在定性和定量方面均影响了两种基因型柠檬香脂的精油成分；因此，可以使用LED灯来提高所选基因型中的单萜类化合物、倍半萜类化合物和抗氧化活性。
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