Chlamydial infection causes a number of clinically relevant diseases and induces significant morbidity in humans. Immune and inflammatory responses contribute to both the clearance of infection and pathology in host tissues. infection stimulates host cells to produce a large number of cytokines that trigger and regulate host immune responses against . However, inappropriate responses can occur with excessive production of cytokines, resulting in overreactive inflammatory responses and alterations in host or metabolism. As a result, persists and causes wound healing delays, leading to more severe tissue damage and triggering long-lasting fibrotic sequelae. Here, we summarize the roles of cytokines in infection and pathogenesis, thus advancing our understanding chlamydial infection biology and the pathogenic mechanisms involved.