Engineering of chiral nanomaterials for biomimetic catalysis.

Chiral nanomaterial-based biomimetic catalysts can trigger a similar biological effect to natural catalysts and exhibit high performance in biological applications. Especially, their active center similarity and substrate selectivity promoted their superior biocatalytic activity. Here, modification of critical elements, such as size, morphology, nanocrystal facets, chiral surface and active sites, for controlling the catalytic efficiency of individual chiral nanoparticles (NPs) and chiral nanoassemblies has been demonstrated, which had a synergistic effect on overcoming the defects of pre-existing nanocatalysts. Noticeably, application of external forces (light or magnetism) has resulted in obvious enhancement in biocatalytic efficiency. Chiral nanomaterials served as preferable biomimetic nanocatalysts due to their special structural configuration and chemical constitution advantages. Furthermore, the current challenges and future research directions of the preparation of high-performance bioinspired chiral nanomaterials for biological applications are discussed.