Li Zheng, Fu Xuekun, Huang Jie, Zeng Peiyuan, Huang Yuhong, Chen Xinxin, Liang Chao
Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
Department of Biochemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 May 19;9:662791. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.662791. eCollection 2021.
Cancer has become the leading cause of death in recent years. As great advances in medical treatment, emerging therapies of various cancers have been developed. Current treatments include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. Aptamers are synthetic ssDNA or RNA. They can bind tightly to target molecules due to their unique tertiary structure. It is easy for aptamers to be screened, synthesized, programmed, and chemically modified. Aptamers are emerging targeted drugs that hold great potentials, called therapeutic aptamers. There are few types of therapeutic aptamers that have already been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for disease treatment. Now more and more therapeutic aptamers are in the stage of preclinical research or clinical trials. This review summarized the screening and development of therapeutic aptamers against different types of cancer cells.
近年来，癌症已成为主要死因。随着医学治疗的巨大进步，各种癌症的新兴疗法不断涌现。目前的治疗方法包括手术、放疗、化疗、免疫疗法和靶向疗法。适体是合成的单链DNA或RNA。由于其独特的三级结构，它们能够紧密结合靶分子。适体易于筛选、合成、编程和化学修饰。适体是具有巨大潜力的新兴靶向药物，称为治疗性适体。目前只有少数几种治疗性适体已被美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准用于疾病治疗。现在越来越多的治疗性适体正处于临床前研究或临床试验阶段。本文综述了针对不同类型癌细胞的治疗性适体的筛选和开发。
