埃塞俄比亚无生命表面和设备中的细菌病原体及其抗菌耐药模式：系统评价和荟萃分析。
Bacterial Pathogens and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Inanimate Surfaces and Equipment in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
机构信息
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Biomed Res Int. 2021 May 13;2021:5519847. doi: 10.1155/2021/5519847. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Hospital-acquired infections have remained a serious cause of mortality, morbidity, and extended hospitalization. Bacterial contamination of inanimate surfaces of the hospital environment and equipment is considered a major contributing factor to the development of several nosocomial infections worldwide. The hospital environment and many devices are an important reservoir of many clinically important bacterial agents including multidrug-resistant pathogens. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis are aimed at investigating bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance patterns of inanimate surfaces and equipment in Ethiopia.
METHODS
An exhaustive literature search was carried out using the major electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Wiley online library to identify potentially relevant studies without date restriction. Original articles which address the research question were identified, screened, and included using the PRISMA flow diagram. Data extraction was prepared in Microsoft Excel, and data quality was assessed by using 9-point Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Then, data were exported to STATA 16.0 software for analyses of pooled estimation of outcome measures. Estimation of outcome measures at a 95% confidence interval was performed using DerSimonian-Laird's random-effects model. Finally, results were presented via text, figures, and tables.
RESULTS
A total of 18 studies with 3058 bacterial isolates recovered from 3423 swab specimens were included for systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of bacterial contamination of inanimate surfaces and equipment was found 70% (95% CI: 59, 82). Among the Gram-negative bacterial species, the prevalence of ampicillin-resistant was the highest 80% (95% CI: 78, 92) followed by species 78% (95% CI: 57, 83).
CONCLUSION
This study has shown a high prevalence of bacterial contamination of inanimate surfaces and equipment in Ethiopia.
背景
医院获得性感染仍然是导致死亡率、发病率和住院时间延长的一个严重原因。医院环境中无生命表面和设备的细菌污染被认为是全球范围内发生许多医院感染的一个主要因素。医院环境和许多设备是许多临床重要细菌病原体的重要储库，包括多药耐药病原体。因此，本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在调查埃塞俄比亚无生命表面和设备上细菌病原体及其抗菌药物耐药模式。
方法
使用主要电子数据库（包括 PubMed、Web of Science、MEDLINE、EMBASE、CINAHL、Google Scholar、Cochrane 图书馆、Scopus 和 Wiley 在线图书馆）进行全面文献检索，无日期限制地查找可能相关的研究。使用 PRISMA 流程图确定、筛选和纳入符合研究问题的原始文章。使用 Microsoft Excel 准备数据提取，使用 9 分 Joanna Briggs 研究所评价工具评估数据质量。然后，将数据导出到 STATA 16.0 软件中，以分析汇总的结果测量。使用 DerSimonian-Laird 随机效应模型估计结果测量的 95%置信区间。最后，通过文字、图表和表格呈现结果。
结果
共有 18 项研究，从 3423 份拭子标本中分离出 3058 株细菌分离株，纳入系统评价和荟萃分析。无生命表面和设备细菌污染的总流行率为 70%（95% CI：59，82）。在革兰氏阴性细菌种中，氨苄西林耐药的流行率最高为 80%（95% CI：78，92），其次是 78%（95% CI：57，83）的 种。
结论
本研究表明，埃塞俄比亚无生命表面和设备的细菌污染率较高。
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