David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Ave. CHS 52-215, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Drugs. 2021 Jul;81(10):1153-1169. doi: 10.1007/s40265-021-01530-0. Epub 2021 Jun 7.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the second most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection in the world after Chlamydia trachomatis. The pathogen has developed resistance to every antibiotic currently approved for treatment, and multidrug-resistant strains have been identified globally. The current treatment recommended by the World Health Organization is ceftriaxone and azithromycin dual therapy. However, resistance to azithromycin and ceftriaxone are increasing and treatment failures have been reported. As a result, there is a critical need to develop novel strategies for mitigating the spread of antimicrobial-resistant N. gonorrhoeae through improved diagnosis and treatment of resistant infections. Strategies that are currently being pursued include developing molecular assays to predict resistance, utilizing higher doses of ceftriaxone, repurposing older antibiotics, and developing newer agents. In addition, efforts to discover a vaccine for N. gonorrhoeae have been reignited in recent years with the cross-protectivity provided by the N. meningitidis vaccine, with several new strategies and targets. Despite the significant progress that has been made, there is still much work ahead to combat antimicrobial-resistant N. gonorrhoeae globally.
淋病奈瑟菌是世界上仅次于沙眼衣原体的第二大常见细菌性性传播感染病原体。该病原体已经对目前批准用于治疗的所有抗生素产生了耐药性，并且已经在全球范围内发现了多药耐药菌株。世界卫生组织目前推荐的治疗方法是头孢曲松和阿奇霉素联合治疗。然而，阿奇霉素和头孢曲松的耐药性正在增加，并且已经报告了治疗失败的情况。因此，迫切需要通过改进耐药感染的诊断和治疗来开发减轻抗微生物药物耐药淋病奈瑟菌传播的新策略。目前正在探索的策略包括开发预测耐药性的分子检测、使用更高剂量的头孢曲松、重新利用旧抗生素和开发新的药物。此外，近年来，由于脑膜炎奈瑟菌疫苗提供的交叉保护作用，针对淋病奈瑟菌的疫苗的研究也重新燃起了希望，出现了一些新的策略和目标。尽管已经取得了重大进展，但在全球范围内对抗抗微生物药物耐药淋病奈瑟菌仍有许多工作要做。
