Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA.
Chem Soc Rev. 2021 Jun 8;50(11):6483-6506. doi: 10.1039/d0cs01568g.
This review covers recent progress in using single molecule fluorescence microscopy imaging to understand the nanoconfinement in porous materials. The single molecule approach unveils the static and dynamic heterogeneities from seemingly equal molecules by removing the ensemble averaging effect. Physicochemical processes including mass transport, surface adsorption/desorption, and chemical conversions within the confined space inside porous materials have been studied at nanometer spatial resolution, at the single nanopore level, with millisecond temporal resolution, and under real chemical reaction conditions. Understanding these physicochemical processes provides the ability to quantitatively measure the inhomogeneities of nanoconfinement effects from the confining properties, including morphologies, spatial arrangement, and trapping domains. Prospects and limitations of current single molecule imaging studies on nanoconfinement are also discussed.
这篇综述涵盖了利用单分子荧光显微镜成像来理解多孔材料中纳米限域的最新进展。单分子方法通过消除集合平均效应，揭示了看似相同分子中的静态和动态不均匀性。包括质量传递、表面吸附/解吸以及多孔材料内部受限空间内的化学反应在内的物理化学过程，已经在纳米空间分辨率、单个纳米孔水平、毫秒时间分辨率和真实化学反应条件下进行了研究。理解这些物理化学过程使我们能够定量测量限域效应的不均匀性，包括限制特性，如形态、空间排列和捕获域。还讨论了当前单分子成像研究纳米限域的前景和局限性。
