Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America.
College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2021 Jun 9;16(6):e0252232. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252232. eCollection 2021.
Across several decades there has been an unprecedented increase in immigration enforcement including detention and deportation. Immigration detention profoundly impacts those experiencing detention and their family members. An emerging area of research has found that immigrants experience a number of challenges which constrain and limit their decisions, choices, and options for security and integration in the United States due to social, political and structural determinants. These determinants lead to greater structural vulnerabilities among immigrants. The purpose of the current study was to illuminate the perceived vulnerabilities of detained noncitizen immigrants as they are raised and described while attending case hearings at the Bloomington, Minnesota immigration court. Through conducting a thematic analysis of notes derived from third party immigration court observers, three areas of perceived vulnerability were identified. These perceived vulnerabilities include 1) migration and motivations to migrate, 2) structural vulnerabilities (e.g., discrimination, financial insecurity, social ties and family support, stable or fixed residence, English language proficiency, health and mental health) in the US, and 3) challenges in navigating immigration detention. These findings demonstrate that noncitizen immigrants who are undergoing immigration detention are experiencing multiple intersecting vulnerabilities which profoundly impact their lives. Collaborative efforts across sectors are needed to work towards comprehensive immigration reforms including both short-term and long-term solutions to address pressing issues for noncitizens undergoing immigration detention.
几十年来，移民执法力度空前加大，包括拘留和驱逐。移民拘留对被拘留者及其家属产生了深远的影响。一个新兴的研究领域发现，由于社会、政治和结构决定因素，移民在美国经历了许多限制和限制他们的安全和融入决策、选择和选择的挑战。这些决定因素导致移民面临更大的结构性脆弱性。本研究的目的是阐明被拘留的非公民移民在明尼苏达州布卢明顿移民法庭参加案件听证会时所提出和描述的感知脆弱性。通过对第三方移民法庭观察员的笔记进行主题分析，确定了三个感知到的脆弱性领域。这些感知到的脆弱性包括 1）移民和移民动机，2）在美国的结构性脆弱性（例如，歧视、金融不安全、社会关系和家庭支持、稳定或固定住所、英语水平、健康和心理健康），以及 3）在移民拘留中导航的挑战。这些发现表明，正在经历移民拘留的非公民移民正在经历多种相互交织的脆弱性，这些脆弱性深刻影响着他们的生活。需要跨部门合作，努力推动全面移民改革，包括短期和长期解决方案，以解决正在经历移民拘留的非公民的紧迫问题。
