The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey, United Kingdom.
Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Mol Biol Evol. 2021 Sep 27;38(10):4346-4361. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msab172.
Livestock farming across the world is constantly threatened by the evolutionary turnover of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) strains in endemic systems, the underlying dynamics of which remain to be elucidated. Here, we map the eco-evolutionary landscape of cocirculating FMDV lineages within an important endemic virus pool encompassing Western, Central, and parts of Southern Asia, reconstructing the evolutionary history and spatial dynamics over the last 20 years that shape the current epidemiological situation. We demonstrate that new FMDV variants periodically emerge from Southern Asia, precipitating waves of virus incursions that systematically travel in a westerly direction. We evidence how metapopulation dynamics drive the emergence and extinction of spatially structured virus populations, and how transmission in different host species regulates the evolutionary space of virus serotypes. Our work provides the first integrative framework that defines coevolutionary signatures of FMDV in regional contexts to help understand the complex interplay between virus phenotypes, host characteristics, and key epidemiological determinants of transmission that drive FMDV evolution in endemic settings.
全球畜牧业一直受到口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）在流行地区系统中不断进化更替的威胁，其潜在动态仍有待阐明。在这里，我们绘制了在包括西亚、中亚和南亚部分地区的重要流行病毒库中共同循环的 FMDV 谱系的生态进化景观，重建了过去 20 年来塑造当前流行情况的进化历史和空间动态。我们证明，新的 FMDV 变体定期从南亚出现，引发了一波波病毒入侵，这些病毒入侵系统地向西传播。我们证明了如何通过亚种群动态推动空间结构病毒种群的出现和灭绝，以及不同宿主物种中的传播如何调节病毒血清型的进化空间。我们的工作提供了第一个整合框架，定义了 FMDV 在区域背景下的协同进化特征，以帮助理解病毒表型、宿主特征和关键传播流行病学决定因素之间的复杂相互作用，这些因素驱动了流行地区的 FMDV 进化。
