Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Indoor Air. 2021 Nov;31(6):1874-1885. doi: 10.1111/ina.12875. Epub 2021 Jun 14.
Viral respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unfortunately, the transmission routes and shedding kinetics of respiratory viruses remain poorly understood. Air sampling techniques to quantify infectious viruses in the air are indispensable to improve intervention strategies to control and prevent spreading of respiratory viruses. Here, the collection of infectious virus with the six-stage Andersen cascade impactor was optimized with semi-solid gelatin as collection surface. Subsequently, the collection efficiency of the cascade impactor, the SKC BioSampler, and an in-house developed electrostatic precipitator was compared. In an in vitro set-up, influenza A virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus type 3, and respiratory syncytial virus were nebulized and the amount of collected infectious virus and viral RNA was quantified with each air sampler. Whereas only low amounts of virus were collected using the electrostatic precipitator, high amounts were collected with the BioSampler and cascade impactor. The BioSampler allowed straight-forward sampling in liquid medium, whereas the more laborious cascade impactor allowed size fractionation of virus-containing particles. Depending on the research question, either the BioSampler or the cascade impactor can be applied in laboratory and field settings, such as hospitals to gain more insight into the transmission routes of respiratory viruses.
病毒呼吸道感染是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因。不幸的是，呼吸道病毒的传播途径和脱落动力学仍了解甚少。空气采样技术对于量化空气中的传染性病毒是不可或缺的，这有助于改善干预策略，以控制和预防呼吸道病毒的传播。在这里，使用半固态明胶作为收集表面优化了六阶段安德森级联撞击器对传染性病毒的收集。随后，比较了级联撞击器、SKC BioSampler 和内部开发的静电沉淀器的收集效率。在体外设置中，将甲型流感病毒、人类偏肺病毒、副流感病毒 3 型和呼吸道合胞病毒雾化，并使用每个空气采样器定量收集的传染性病毒和病毒 RNA 的量。尽管静电沉淀器仅收集了少量病毒，但生物采样器和级联撞击器却收集了大量病毒。生物采样器允许在液体培养基中直接采样，而更费力的级联撞击器则允许对含病毒颗粒进行粒径分级。根据研究问题，可以在实验室和现场环境（如医院）中应用生物采样器或级联撞击器，以更深入地了解呼吸道病毒的传播途径。
