Herchenroeder Luke, Mezquita Laura, Bravo Adrian J, Pilatti Angelina, Prince Mark A, Study Team Cross-Cultural Addictions
Department of Psychological Sciences, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA.
Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2022 Jan 2;48(1):27-37. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2021.1919689. Epub 2021 Jun 16.
Problematic cannabis use is common among young adults across the world. However, limited research has examined whether etiological models predicting negative consequences are universal. The present study examined whether the Five-Factor Model of personality (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) relates to cannabis outcomes via use of cannabis protective behavioral strategies (PBS) in a cross-national sample of college student cannabis users (i.e., used cannabis in the last 30 days). Participants were 1175 university students (63.27% female) across five countries (United States, Argentina, Spain, Uruguay, and the Netherlands) recruited to complete an online survey. PBS use mediated the associations between personality traits and cannabis consequences, such that higher conscientiousness (.20), agreeableness (.11), and lower emotional stability [i.e., higher neuroticism] ( .14) were associated with more PBS use. Higher PBS use was, in turn, associated with lower frequency of cannabis use ( .32); lower frequency of use was then associated with fewer cannabis consequences (.34). This sequential pathway was invariant across sex, but not countries. Notably, there were a number of differences in links between PBS and cannabis outcomes when comparing countries (e.g., negative associations in the US sample, but positive associations in the Argentina sample). Cannabis PBS mediates the relationship between personality traits and cannabis outcomes, but there are nuanced differences across countries (i.e., relationship between PBS and cannabis outcomes). Overall, students that are low in conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism and/or report low rates of PBS use may benefit from cannabis PBS-focused interventions that promote utilization of PBS.
问题性大麻使用在全球年轻人中很常见。然而，关于预测负面后果的病因模型是否具有普遍性的研究有限。本研究在一个跨国大学生大麻使用者样本（即过去30天内使用过大麻的人）中，考察了人格五因素模型（开放性、尽责性、外向性、宜人性和神经质）是否通过使用大麻保护性行为策略（PBS）与大麻使用结果相关。参与者是来自五个国家（美国、阿根廷、西班牙、乌拉圭和荷兰）的1175名大学生（63.27%为女性），他们被招募来完成一项在线调查。PBS的使用介导了人格特质与大麻使用后果之间的关联，即较高的尽责性（.20）、宜人性（.11）以及较低的情绪稳定性（即较高的神经质）（.14）与更多的PBS使用相关。反过来，较高的PBS使用与较低的大麻使用频率相关（.32）；较低的使用频率又与较少的大麻使用后果相关（.34）。这一连续路径在性别间是不变的，但在不同国家间并非如此。值得注意的是，比较不同国家时，PBS与大麻使用结果之间的联系存在一些差异（例如，美国样本中为负相关，而阿根廷样本中为正相关）。大麻PBS介导了人格特质与大麻使用结果之间的关系，但不同国家存在细微差异（即PBS与大麻使用结果之间的关系）。总体而言，尽责性、宜人性和神经质得分较低和/或报告PBS使用率较低的学生可能会从以大麻PBS为重点的干预措施中受益，这些措施可促进PBS的使用。
