Haddad Eliot N, Sugino Kameron Y, Kerver Jean M, Paneth Nigel, Comstock Sarah S
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Curr Res Physiol. 2021;4:94-102. doi: 10.1016/j.crphys.2021.03.004. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
As obesity rates continue to rise, it is increasingly important to understand factors that can influence body weight and growth, especially from an early age. The infant gut microbiota has broad effects on a variety of bodily processes, but its relation to infant growth is not yet fully characterized. Since the infant gut microbiota is closely related to breastfeeding practices and maternal health, understanding the relationship between these factors and infant growth may provide insight into the origins of childhood obesity.
Identify the relationship between human milk exposure, maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), the infant gut microbiota, and 12-month-old BMI-for-age z-scores (12M BAZ) to identify key factors that shape infant growth.
Two Michigan cohorts (ARCHGUT and BABYGUT) comprised of a total of 33 mother-infant dyads provided infant fecal samples at 12M. After DNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing of the V4 16S rRNA region using Illumina MiSeq v2 Chemistry, gut bacterial diversity metrics were analyzed in relation to human milk exposure, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, and infant growth parameters.
Recent human milk exposure was inversely related to maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and most strongly associated with infant gut bacterial community membership and individual gut microbiota richness differences. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was not associated with the infant gut microbiota after adjusting for human milk exposure. However, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was the only factor significantly associated with 12M BAZ.
Human milk exposure is one of the central influences on the infant gut microbiota at 12M of age. However, the lack of association between the infant gut microbiota and 12M-old infant BAZ suggests that genetic, physiological, dietary, and other environmental factors may play a more direct role than the gut microbiota in determining infant BAZ at 12M.
随着肥胖率持续上升，了解能够影响体重和生长的因素变得愈发重要，尤其是从幼年时期开始。婴儿肠道微生物群对多种身体过程具有广泛影响，但其与婴儿生长的关系尚未完全明确。由于婴儿肠道微生物群与母乳喂养方式及母亲健康密切相关，了解这些因素与婴儿生长之间的关系可能有助于深入了解儿童肥胖的根源。
确定母乳接触、母亲孕前体重指数（BMI）、婴儿肠道微生物群与12月龄年龄别BMI z评分（12M BAZ）之间的关系，以确定影响婴儿生长的关键因素。
来自密歇根州的两个队列（ARCHGUT和BABYGUT）共33对母婴在婴儿12月龄时提供了婴儿粪便样本。在使用Illumina MiSeq v2化学方法对V4 16S rRNA区域进行DNA提取、扩增和测序后，分析肠道细菌多样性指标与母乳接触、母亲孕前BMI和婴儿生长参数之间的关系。
近期母乳接触与母亲孕前BMI呈负相关，且与婴儿肠道细菌群落组成及个体肠道微生物群丰富度差异的关联最为密切。在调整母乳接触因素后，母亲孕前BMI与婴儿肠道微生物群无关。然而，母亲孕前BMI是唯一与12M BAZ显著相关的因素。
在12月龄时，母乳接触是影响婴儿肠道微生物群的核心因素之一。然而，婴儿肠道微生物群与12月龄婴儿BAZ之间缺乏关联表明，在决定12月龄婴儿BAZ方面，遗传、生理、饮食和其他环境因素可能比肠道微生物群发挥更直接的作用。
