Kuchner Marcus, Nemmer Jana M, Werfel Thomas, Homey Bernhard
Klinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Medizinische Fakultät, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland.
Hautarzt. 2021 Jul;72(7):570-577. doi: 10.1007/s00105-021-04832-2. Epub 2021 Jun 16.
The skin is an organ frequently affected by chronic diseases. Inflammatory, immune-mediated dermatoses such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis show a high prevalence as well as a significant impact on the quality of life of those affected. In a large proportion of cases, atopic dermatitis is associated with a marked change in microbial colonization of both clinically healthy and affected skin. In psoriasis, changes to this effect have been described, but clinical relevance remains elusive.
In recent years, increasing knowledge has been gained in microbiome research with resulting clinical relevance. The present article deals with the disturbed balance of the immune system and the skin microbiome in chronic inflammatory dermatoses on the basis of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis vulgaris.
A literature search was performed in PubMed and Medline databases (entries until 09 April 2021).
Staphylococcus aureus is known to play a central pathophysiological role in atopic dermatitis. This is revisited in light of new insights regarding biodiversity and immunoregulatory processes. In psoriasis, a more heterogeneous body of data emerges regarding the microbiome and its contribution to disease development.
While topical applications to directly influence the microbiome are already being tested in atopic dermatitis, further knowledge regarding the pathophysiological significance of the microbiota is still needed in psoriasis.
皮肤是常受慢性疾病影响的器官。炎症性、免疫介导的皮肤病，如特应性皮炎和银屑病，患病率很高，对患者的生活质量也有重大影响。在很大一部分病例中，特应性皮炎与临床健康皮肤和患皮肤的微生物定植显著变化有关。在银屑病中，虽已描述了此类变化，但其临床相关性仍不明确。
近年来，微生物组研究取得了越来越多的知识，并具有临床相关性。本文基于特应性皮炎和寻常型银屑病探讨慢性炎症性皮肤病中免疫系统与皮肤微生物组的失衡。
在PubMed和Medline数据库中进行文献检索（检索截至2021年4月9日的条目）。
已知金黄色葡萄球菌在特应性皮炎中起核心病理生理作用。鉴于关于生物多样性和免疫调节过程的新见解，对此进行了重新审视。在银屑病中，关于微生物组及其对疾病发展的贡献出现了更多异质性数据。
虽然在特应性皮炎中已经在测试直接影响微生物组的局部应用，但银屑病仍需要更多关于微生物群病理生理意义的知识。
