Department of Neuro-rehabilitation, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
Global Brain Health Institute, Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
J Med Internet Res. 2021 Jun 17;23(6):e17551. doi: 10.2196/17551.
BACKGROUND: Lying on the floor for a long period of time has been described as a critical determinant of prognosis following a fall. In addition to fall-related injuries due to the trauma itself, prolonged immobilization on the floor results in a wide range of comorbidities and may double the risk of death in elderly. Thus, reducing the length of Time On the Ground (TOG) in fallers seems crucial in vulnerable individuals with cognitive disorders who cannot get up independently. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the effect of a new technology called SafelyYou Guardian (SYG) on early post-fall care including reduction of Time Until staff Assistance (TUA) and TOG. METHODS: SYG uses continuous video monitoring, artificial intelligence, secure networks, and customized computer applications to detect and notify caregivers about falls in real time while providing immediate access to video footage of falls. The present observational study was conducted in 6 California memory care facilities where SYG was installed in bedrooms of consenting residents and families. Fall events were video recorded over 10 months. During the baseline installation period (November 2017 to December 2017), SYG video captures of falls were not provided on a regular basis to facility staff review. During a second period (January 2018 to April 2018), video captures were delivered to facility staff on a regular weekly basis. During the third period (May 2018 to August 2018), real-time notification (RTN) of any fall was provided to facility staff. Two digital markers (TUA, TOG) were automatically measured and compared between the baseline period (first 2 months) and the RTN period (last 4 months). The total number of falls including those happening outside of the bedroom (such as common areas and bathrooms) was separately reported by facility staff. RESULTS: A total of 436 falls were recorded in 66 participants suffering from Alzheimer disease or related dementias (mean age 87 years; minimum 65, maximum 104 years). Over 80% of the falls happened in bedrooms, with two-thirds occurring overnight (8 PM to 8 AM). While only 8.1% (22/272) of falls were scored as moderate or severe, fallers were not able to stand up alone in 97.6% (247/253) of the cases. Reductions of 28.3 (CI 19.6-37.1) minutes in TUA and 29.6 (CI 20.3-38.9) minutes in TOG were observed between the baseline and RTN periods. The proportion of fallers with TOG >1 hour fell from 31% (8/26; baseline) to zero events (RTN period). During the RTN period, 76.6% (108/141) of fallers received human staff assistance in less than 10 minutes, and 55.3% (78/141) of them spent less than 10 minutes on the ground. CONCLUSIONS: SYG technology is capable of reducing TOG and TUA while efficiently covering the area (bedroom) and time zone (nighttime) that are at highest risk. After 6 months of SYG monitoring, TOG was reduced by a factor of 3. The drastic reduction of TOG is likely to decrease secondary comorbid complications, improve post-fall prognosis, and reduce health care costs.
背景:长时间躺在地板上已被描述为摔倒后预后的关键决定因素。除了因创伤本身导致的与摔倒相关的伤害外,长时间躺在地板上还会导致各种合并症,并使老年人的死亡风险增加一倍。因此,对于认知障碍且无法独立起身的脆弱个体,减少摔倒者在地面上的时间(TOG)似乎至关重要。
目的:本研究旨在检验一种名为 SafelyYou Guardian(SYG)的新技术对跌倒后早期护理的影响,包括减少到达工作人员援助的时间(TUA)和 TOG。
方法:SYG 使用连续视频监控、人工智能、安全网络和定制的计算机应用程序,实时检测并通知护理人员跌倒情况,同时提供跌倒视频的即时访问。本观察性研究在加利福尼亚州的 6 家记忆护理设施中进行,在同意的居民和家属的卧室中安装了 SYG。在 10 个月的时间里记录了跌倒事件。在基线安装期间(2017 年 11 月至 2017 年 12 月),SYG 视频拍摄的跌倒事件并没有定期提供给设施工作人员审查。在第二个时期(2018 年 1 月至 4 月),每周定期向设施工作人员提供视频拍摄。在第三个时期(2018 年 5 月至 8 月),实时通知(RTN)设施工作人员发生任何跌倒事件。在基线期(前 2 个月)和 RTN 期(最后 4 个月)之间自动测量并比较了两个数字标记(TUA、TOG)。设施工作人员分别报告了包括卧室以外(如公共区域和浴室)发生的跌倒事件总数。
结果:在 66 名患有阿尔茨海默病或相关痴呆症的参与者中记录了 436 次跌倒(平均年龄 87 岁;最小 65 岁,最大 104 岁)。超过 80%的跌倒发生在卧室,其中三分之二发生在夜间(晚上 8 点至早上 8 点)。虽然只有 8.1%(22/272)的跌倒被评为中度或重度,但在 97.6%(247/253)的情况下,跌倒者无法独自站立。在 TUA 和 TOG 方面分别观察到 28.3 分钟(CI 19.6-37.1)和 29.6 分钟(CI 20.3-38.9)的减少。TOG>1 小时的跌倒者比例从 31%(8/26;基线)降至零事件(RTN 期)。在 RTN 期间,76.6%(108/141)的跌倒者在不到 10 分钟内得到了人类工作人员的帮助,55.3%(78/141)的跌倒者在地面上花费不到 10 分钟。
结论:SYG 技术能够减少 TOG 和 TUA,同时有效地覆盖风险最高的区域(卧室)和时间(夜间)。在 SYG 监测 6 个月后,TOG 减少了 3 倍。TOG 的大幅减少可能会降低继发性合并症的并发症,改善跌倒后的预后,并降低医疗保健成本。
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