Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO), Muséumnational d'Histoire naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Sorbonne Université, Université Caen-Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France.
Nat Commun. 2021 Jun 17;12(1):3694. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-23861-y.
Various prioritisation strategies have been developed to cope with accelerating biodiversity loss and limited conservation resources. These strategies could become more engaging for decision-makers if they reflected the positive effects conservation can have on future projected biodiversity, by targeting net positive outcomes in future projected biodiversity, rather than reflecting the negative consequences of further biodiversity losses only. Hoping to inform the post-2020 biodiversity framework, we here apply this approach of targeting net positive outcomes in future projected biodiversity to phylogenetic diversity (PD) to re-identify species and areas of interest for conserving global mammalian PD. We identify priority species/areas as those whose protection would maximise gains in future projected PD. We also identify loss-significant species/areas as those whose/where extinction(s) would maximise losses in future projected PD. We show that our priority species/areas differ from loss-significant species/areas. While our priority species are mostly similar to those identified by the EDGE of Existence Programme, our priority areas generally differ from previously-identified ones for global mammal conservation. We further highlight that these newly-identified species/areas of interest currently lack protection and offer some guidance for their future management.
为应对生物多样性加速丧失和有限的保护资源问题，已经制定了各种优先化策略。如果这些策略能够反映出保护对未来预测的生物多样性的积极影响，即通过瞄准未来预测的生物多样性中的净积极结果，而不是仅反映进一步生物多样性丧失的负面影响，那么它们可能会对决策者更具吸引力。为了为 2020 年后的生物多样性框架提供信息，我们在此将这种瞄准未来预测的生物多样性中的净积极结果的方法应用于系统发育多样性（PD），以重新确定对保护全球哺乳动物 PD 具有重要意义的物种和地区。我们将保护优先级物种/地区定义为那些保护措施能够最大程度提高未来预测 PD 的物种/地区。我们还将灭绝显著物种/地区定义为那些灭绝会最大程度提高未来预测 PD 损失的物种/地区。我们发现，我们的优先物种/地区与灭绝显著物种/地区不同。虽然我们的优先物种与“存在边缘”（EDGE of Existence）计划确定的物种相似，但我们的优先地区通常与以前确定的全球哺乳动物保护地区不同。我们进一步强调，这些新确定的具有重要意义的物种/地区目前缺乏保护，我们为它们的未来管理提供了一些指导。
