Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2021 Aug;132(8):1850-1858. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.05.009. Epub 2021 May 30.
We measured the neurophysiological responses of both active and sham transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for both single pulse (SP) and paired pulse (PP; long interval cortical inhibition (LICI)) paradigms using TMS-EEG (electroencephalography).
Nineteen healthy subjects received active and sham (coil 90° tilted and touching the scalp) SP and PP TMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). We measured excitability through SP TMS and inhibition (i.e., cortical inhibition (CI)) through PP TMS.
Cortical excitability indexed by area under the curve (AUC) was significantly higher in the active compared to sham stimulation (F(1,18) = 43.737, p < 0.001, η = 0.708). Moreover, the amplitude of N100-P200 complex was significantly larger (F(1,18) = 9.118, p < 0.01, η = 0.336) with active stimulation (10.38 ± 9.576 µV) compared to sham (4.295 ± 2.323 µV). Significant interaction effects were also observed between active and sham stimulation for both the SP and PP (i.e., LICI) cortical responses. Finally, only active stimulation (CI = 0.64 ± 0.23, p < 0.001) resulted in significant cortical inhibition.
The significant differences between active and sham stimulation in both excitatory and inhibitory neurophysiological responses showed that active stimulation elicits responses from the cortex that are different from the non-specific effects of sham stimulation.
Our study reaffirms that TMS-EEG represents an effective tool to evaluate cortical neurophysiology with high fidelity.
我们使用 TMS-EEG（脑电图）测量了单脉冲（SP）和成对脉冲（PP；长间隔皮质抑制（LICI））两种范式的主动和假刺激（线圈 90°倾斜并触及头皮）经颅磁刺激（TMS）的神经生理反应。
19 名健康受试者接受了左侧背外侧前额皮质（DLPFC）的主动和假（线圈 90°倾斜并触及头皮）SP 和 PP TMS。我们通过 SP TMS 测量兴奋性，通过 PP TMS 测量抑制（即皮质抑制（CI））。
与假刺激相比，主动刺激的曲线下面积（AUC）指数的皮质兴奋性显著更高（F(1,18) = 43.737，p < 0.001，η = 0.708）。此外，主动刺激（10.38 ± 9.576 µV）的 N100-P200 复合波振幅明显大于假刺激（4.295 ± 2.323 µV）（F(1,18) = 9.118，p < 0.01，η = 0.336）。在 SP 和 PP（即 LICI）皮质反应中也观察到主动和假刺激之间的显著交互作用效应。最后，只有主动刺激（CI = 0.64 ± 0.23，p < 0.001）导致明显的皮质抑制。
主动和假刺激在兴奋性和抑制性神经生理反应之间的显著差异表明，主动刺激会引起皮层反应，与假刺激的非特异性效应不同。
我们的研究再次证实，TMS-EEG 是一种评估皮质神经生理学的有效工具，具有高保真度。
