Reents Janina, Pedersen Anya
Institut für Psychologie, Philosophische Fakultät, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jun 2;12:660880. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.660880. eCollection 2021.
Overeating behavior is supposedly a major contributing factor to weight gain and obesity. Binge eating disorder (BED) with reoccurring episodes of excessive overeating is strongly associated with obesity. Learning models of overeating behavior and BED assume that mere confrontation with food leads to a conditioned response that is experienced as food craving. Accordingly, individuals with obesity and BED were shown to have high trait food cravings. To date, little is known about differences in state food cravings and cue reactivity at the sight of palatable food in individuals with obesity and BED compared to individuals with obesity without BED. Therefore, the aim of our study was to examine differences in cue-induced, state and trait food cravings in people with obesity with and without BED. We found that all aspects of food cravings were more prevalent in individuals with obesity and BED than in individuals without BED. By implementing a food cue reactivity paradigm, our results show that individuals with obesity with BED have more cue-induced cravings than individuals with obesity without BED. Moreover, these cue-induced cravings in individuals with obesity and BED were highest for high-fat and high-sugar foods as opposed to low-calorie foods. Thus, our results emphasize the role of increased cue reactivity and craving at the sight of palatable foods in individuals with obesity and BED. Hence, our findings support etiological models of conditioned binge eating and are in line with interventions targeting cue reactivity in BED.
暴饮暴食行为据推测是体重增加和肥胖的一个主要促成因素。伴有反复过度进食发作的暴食症（BED）与肥胖密切相关。暴饮暴食行为和暴食症的学习模型假定，仅仅接触食物就会引发一种被体验为食物渴望的条件反应。因此，肥胖者和患有暴食症的个体被证明具有较高的特质性食物渴望。迄今为止，与没有暴食症的肥胖个体相比，对于患有暴食症的肥胖个体在看到美味食物时的状态性食物渴望和线索反应性差异知之甚少。因此，我们研究的目的是检查患有和未患有暴食症的肥胖者在线索诱发的、状态性和特质性食物渴望方面的差异。我们发现，食物渴望的所有方面在患有暴食症的肥胖个体中比在没有暴食症的个体中更为普遍。通过实施食物线索反应性范式，我们的结果表明，患有暴食症的肥胖个体比没有暴食症的肥胖个体有更多的线索诱发的渴望。此外，患有暴食症的肥胖个体对高脂肪和高糖食物的线索诱发渴望最高，而不是低热量食物。因此，我们的结果强调了在患有暴食症的肥胖个体中，看到美味食物时线索反应性增加和渴望的作用。因此，我们的发现支持条件性暴饮暴食的病因模型，并与针对暴食症线索反应性进行干预的观点一致。
