Marín Olga, González Bernardo, Poupin María Josefina
Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile.
Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago, Chile.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Jun 3;12:650609. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.650609. eCollection 2021.
Synthetic microbial communities (SynComs) are a useful tool for a more realistic understanding of the outcomes of multiple biotic interactions where microbes, plants, and the environment are players in time and space of a multidimensional and complex system. Toward a more in-depth overview of the knowledge that has been achieved using SynComs in the rhizosphere, a systematic review of the literature on SynComs was performed to identify the overall rationale, design criteria, experimental procedures, and outcomes of or tests using this strategy. After an extensive bibliography search and a specific selection process, a total of 30 articles were chosen for further analysis, grouping them by their reported SynCom size. The reported SynComs were constituted with a highly variable number of members, ranging from 3 to 190 strains, with a total of 1,393 bacterial isolates, where the three most represented phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. Only four articles did not reference experiments with SynCom on plants, as they considered only microbial studies, whereas the others chose different plant models and plant-growth systems; some of them are described and reviewed in this article. Besides, a discussion on different approaches (bottom-up and top-down) to study the microbiome role in the rhizosphere is provided, highlighting how SynComs are an effective system to connect and fill some knowledge gaps and to have a better understanding of the mechanisms governing these multiple interactions. Although the SynCom approach is already helpful and has a promising future, more systematic and standardized studies are needed to harness its full potential.
合成微生物群落（SynComs）是一种有用的工具，有助于更现实地理解多种生物相互作用的结果，在这个多维复杂系统的时空里，微生物、植物和环境都是参与者。为了更深入地概述在根际使用SynComs所取得的知识，我们对有关SynComs的文献进行了系统综述，以确定使用该策略进行的实验或测试的总体原理、设计标准、实验程序和结果。经过广泛的文献检索和特定的筛选过程，共选择了30篇文章进行进一步分析，并根据报道的SynCom大小对它们进行分组。报道的SynComs由数量高度可变的成员组成，从3株到190株不等，共有1393个细菌分离株，其中最具代表性的三个门是变形菌门、放线菌门和厚壁菌门。只有四篇文章没有提及在植物上使用SynComs的实验，因为它们只考虑了微生物研究，而其他文章则选择了不同的植物模型和植物生长系统；本文对其中一些进行了描述和综述。此外，本文还讨论了研究根际微生物组作用的不同方法（自下而上和自上而下），强调了SynComs是一个有效的系统，能够连接并填补一些知识空白，更好地理解控制这些多重相互作用的机制。尽管SynCom方法已经很有帮助且前景广阔，但仍需要更系统和标准化的研究来充分发挥其潜力。
