Tkachenko Halyna, Kurhaluk Natalia, Kasiyan Olha, Kamiński Piotr
Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewski Str. 22b, 76-200 Słupsk, Poland.
Danylo Halytskyy Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.
J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2021 Mar 19;19(1):793-804. doi: 10.1007/s40201-021-00647-4. eCollection 2021 Jun.
Common carp () is one of the most important cultured fish species in Poland. The aims of our study were to determine the concentration of essential minerals in the muscle tissue of carp obtained from a pond culture and to compare the content of these minerals with the physiological norms of nutrition for the Polish population, Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA), and Estimated Average Requirements (EAR). The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk by assessment of the Estimated target hazard quotients (THQ), total target hazard quotients (ΣTHQ), and carcinogenic risk were also studied. The muscle tissue of the carp was rich in macroelements. The pattern significance gradation of element concentrations was as follows: Na > K > Ca > P > Mg > Al > Zn > Fe > Cu > Mn > Cr > Se > Co. The concentration of toxic heavy metals in the samples was lower than the maximum allowable level of metals in food products. The risk of consumption of toxicants by an adult at a daily intake of 100 g of fish was 1.45% for Pb, 0.1% for Hg, 0.02% for Cd, and 0.02% for As, compared to the allowable daily intake for each toxicant. The value of the target hazard quotients of each metal was less than 1, indicating that the intake of a single metal through the consumption of carp meat does not pose a considerable health hazard. The total value of the target hazard quotients was also less than 1, indicating the safety of the combined effects of the chemicals. The major risk contributor was Pb with 82.9%, followed by Hg (9.38%), As (6.43%), and Cd (1.29%).
鲤鱼（）是波兰最重要的养殖鱼类品种之一。我们研究的目的是确定池塘养殖鲤鱼肌肉组织中必需矿物质的浓度，并将这些矿物质的含量与波兰人群的生理营养标准、推荐膳食摄入量（RDA）和估计平均需求量（EAR）进行比较。还通过评估估计目标危害商数（THQ）、总目标危害商数（ΣTHQ）和致癌风险来研究非致癌和致癌风险。鲤鱼的肌肉组织富含常量元素。元素浓度的模式显著性等级如下：Na＞K＞Ca＞P＞Mg＞Al＞Zn＞Fe＞Cu＞Mn＞Cr＞Se＞Co。样品中有毒重金属的浓度低于食品中金属的最大允许水平。与每种有毒物质的每日允许摄入量相比，成年人每天摄入100克鱼时，铅的有毒物质摄入风险为1.45%，汞为0.1%，镉为0.02%，砷为0.02%。每种金属目标危害商数的值均小于1，表明通过食用鲤鱼肉摄入单一金属不会对健康造成重大危害。目标危害商数的总值也小于1，表明这些化学物质联合作用的安全性。主要风险贡献者是铅，占82.9%，其次是汞（9.38%）、砷（6.43%）和镉（1.29%）。
