Mazouji Omayma, Ouhajjou Abdelhak, Incitti Roberto, Mansour Hicham
GES-LCM2E, FPN, Mohamed First University, Oujda, Morocco.
Al-Azhar Oncology Center, Rabat, Morocco.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 May 24;9:660924. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.660924. eCollection 2021.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, being the third most diagnosed in the world and the second deadliest. Solid biopsy provides an essential guide for the clinical management of patients with colorectal cancer; however, this method presents several limitations, in particular invasiveness, and cannot be used repeatedly. Recently, clinical research directed toward the use of liquid biopsy, as an alternative tool to solid biopsy, showed significant promise in several CRC clinical applications, as (1) detect CRC patients at early stage, (2) make treatment decision, (3) monitor treatment response, (4) predict relapses and metastases, (5) unravel tumor heterogeneity, and (6) detect minimal residual disease. The purpose of this short review is to describe the concept, the characteristics, the genetic components, and the technologies used in liquid biopsy in the context of the management of colorectal cancer, and finally we reviewed gene alterations, recently described in the literature, as promising potential biomarkers that may be specifically used in liquid biopsy tests.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球最常见的癌症之一，在全球癌症诊断中排名第三，是第二大致命癌症。实体活检为结直肠癌患者的临床管理提供了重要指导；然而，这种方法存在一些局限性，特别是具有侵入性，且不能重复使用。最近，针对使用液体活检作为实体活检替代工具的临床研究在几种结直肠癌临床应用中显示出巨大潜力，如（1）早期检测结直肠癌患者，（2）做出治疗决策，（3）监测治疗反应，（4）预测复发和转移，（5）揭示肿瘤异质性，以及（6）检测微小残留病。本简短综述的目的是描述在结直肠癌管理背景下液体活检的概念、特征、遗传成分和所使用的技术，最后我们回顾了文献中最近描述的基因改变，这些改变作为有前景的潜在生物标志物，可能特别用于液体活检检测。
