Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia.
Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
Virulence. 2021 Dec;12(1):1629-1646. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1939608.
Influenza is a respiratory viral infection that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The innate immune cell response elicited during influenza A virus (IAV) infection forms the critical first line of defense, which typically is impaired as we age. As such, elderly individuals more commonly succumb to influenza-associated complications, which is reflected in most aged animal models of IAV infection. Here, we review the important roles of several major innate immune cell populations in influenza pathogenesis, some of which being deleterious to the host, and the current knowledge of how age-associated numerical, phenotypic and functional cell changes impact disease development. Further investigation into age-related modulation of innate immune cell responses, using appropriate animal models, will help reveal how immunity to IAV may be compromised by aging and inform the development of novel therapies, tailored for use in this vulnerable group.
流感是一种呼吸道病毒感染，在全球范围内可导致严重的发病率和死亡率。在甲型流感病毒（IAV）感染期间引起的固有免疫细胞反应构成了关键的第一道防线，而随着年龄的增长，这通常会受到损害。因此，老年人更常死于与流感相关的并发症，这在大多数年龄相关的 IAV 感染动物模型中都有体现。在这里，我们回顾了几种主要固有免疫细胞群体在流感发病机制中的重要作用，其中一些对宿主有害，以及年龄相关的数量、表型和功能细胞变化如何影响疾病发展的现有知识。进一步研究使用适当的动物模型对固有免疫细胞反应的年龄相关性调节，将有助于揭示衰老如何削弱对 IAV 的免疫，并为这一脆弱群体量身定制新型治疗方法的开发提供信息。
