Zhuang Yixi, Chen Dunrong, Chen Wenjing, Zhang Wenxing, Su Xin, Deng Renren, An Zhongfu, Chen Hongmin, Xie Rong-Jun
State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Genome and College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
Institute for Composites Science Innovation, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
Light Sci Appl. 2021 Jun 23;10(1):132. doi: 10.1038/s41377-021-00575-w.
NaYF:Ln, due to its outstanding upconversion characteristics, has become one of the most important luminescent nanomaterials in biological imaging, optical information storage, and anticounterfeiting applications. However, the large specific surface area of NaYF:Ln nanoparticles generally leads to serious nonradiative transitions, which may greatly hinder the discovery of new optical functionality with promising applications. In this paper, we report that monodispersed nanoscale NaYF:Ln, unexpectedly, can also be an excellent persistent luminescent (PersL) material. The NaYF:Ln nanoparticles with surface-passivated core-shell structures exhibit intense X-ray-charged PersL and narrow-band emissions tunable from 480 to 1060 nm. A mechanism for PersL in NaYF:Ln is proposed by means of thermoluminescence measurements and host-referred binding energy (HRBE) scheme, which suggests that some lanthanide ions (such as Tb) may also act as effective electron traps to achieve intense PersL. The uniform and spherical NaYF:Ln nanoparticles are dispersible in solvents, thus enabling many applications that are not accessible for traditional PersL phosphors. A new 3-dimensional (2 dimensions of planar space and 1 dimension of wavelength) optical information-storage application is demonstrated by inkjet-printing multicolor PersL nanoparticles. The multicolor persistent luminescence, as an emerging and promising emissive mode in NaYF:Ln, will provide great opportunities for nanomaterials to be applied to a wider range of fields.
由于具有出色的上转换特性，NaYF:Ln已成为生物成像、光学信息存储和防伪应用中最重要的发光纳米材料之一。然而，NaYF:Ln纳米颗粒的大比表面积通常会导致严重的非辐射跃迁，这可能会极大地阻碍具有潜在应用前景的新光学功能的发现。在本文中，我们报道了单分散的纳米级NaYF:Ln出乎意料地也可以成为一种优异的持续发光（PersL）材料。具有表面钝化核壳结构的NaYF:Ln纳米颗粒表现出强烈的X射线激发持续发光以及从480到1060nm可调的窄带发射。通过热释光测量和主体相关结合能（HRBE）方案提出了NaYF:Ln中持续发光的机制，这表明一些镧系离子（如Tb）也可能作为有效的电子陷阱来实现强烈的持续发光。均匀的球形NaYF:Ln纳米颗粒可分散在溶剂中，从而实现了许多传统持续发光磷光体无法实现的应用。通过喷墨打印多色持续发光纳米颗粒展示了一种新的三维（二维平面空间和一维波长）光学信息存储应用。多色持续发光作为NaYF:Ln中一种新兴且有前景的发光模式，将为纳米材料应用于更广泛的领域提供巨大机遇。
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