基于人群的艾滋病毒影响评估调查方法、响应率和质量：津巴布韦、马拉维和赞比亚。
Population-Based HIV Impact Assessments Survey Methods, Response, and Quality in Zimbabwe, Malawi, and Zambia.
机构信息
ICAP at Columbia University, New York, NY.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
出版信息
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2021 Aug 1;87(Suppl 1):S6-S16. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002710.
BACKGROUND
The population-based HIV impact assessment (population-based HIV impact assessments) surveys are among the first to estimate national adult HIV incidence, subnational prevalence of viral load suppression, and pediatric HIV prevalence. We summarize the survey methods implemented in Zimbabwe, Malawi, and Zambia, as well as response rates and quality metrics.
METHODS
Each cross-sectional, household-based survey used a 2-stage cluster design. Survey preparations included sample design, questionnaire development, tablet programming for informed consent and data collection, community mobilization, establishing a network of satellite laboratories, and fieldworker training. Interviewers collected demographic, behavioral, and clinical information using tablets. Blood was collected for home-based HIV testing and counseling (HBTC) and point-of-care CD4+ T-cell enumeration with results immediately returned. HIV-positive blood samples underwent laboratory-based confirmatory testing, HIV incidence testing, RNA polymerase chain reaction (viral load), DNA polymerase chain reaction (early infant diagnosis), and serum antiretroviral drug detection. Data were weighted for survey design, and chi square automatic interaction detection-based methods were used to adjust for nonresponse.
RESULTS
Each survey recruited a nationally representative, household-based sample of children and adults over a 6-10-month period in 2015 and 2016. Most (84%-90%) of the 12,000-14,000 eligible households in each country participated in the survey, with 77%-81% of eligible adults completing an interview and providing blood for HIV testing. Among eligible children, 59%-73% completed HIV testing. Across the 3 surveys, 97.8% of interview data were complete and had no errors.
CONCLUSION
Conducting a national population-based HIV impact assessment with immediate return of HIV and other point-of-care test results was feasible, and data quality was high.
背景
基于人群的艾滋病毒影响评估（基于人群的艾滋病毒影响评估）调查是首批估计国家成人艾滋病毒发病率、亚国家病毒载量抑制流行率和儿科艾滋病毒流行率的调查之一。我们总结了在津巴布韦、马拉维和赞比亚实施的调查方法，以及应答率和质量指标。
方法
每个横断面、家庭为基础的调查都采用了两阶段聚类设计。调查准备工作包括样本设计、问卷开发、用于知情同意和数据收集的平板电脑编程、社区动员、建立卫星实验室网络以及现场工作人员培训。访谈员使用平板电脑收集人口统计、行为和临床信息。采集家庭为基础的艾滋病毒检测和咨询（HBTC）以及即时返回结果的即时护理 CD4+T 细胞计数的血液。艾滋病毒阳性血液样本进行实验室确认检测、艾滋病毒发病率检测、RNA 聚合酶链反应（病毒载量）、DNA 聚合酶链反应（早期婴儿诊断）和血清抗逆转录病毒药物检测。数据根据调查设计进行加权，使用基于卡方自动交互检测的方法对无应答进行调整。
结果
每个调查都在 2015 年和 2016 年期间用 6-10 个月的时间招募了具有全国代表性的、基于家庭的儿童和成人样本。每个国家有 84%-90%的 12000-14000 个符合条件的家庭参与了调查，77%-81%的符合条件的成年人完成了访谈并提供了艾滋病毒检测的血液。在符合条件的儿童中，59%-73%完成了艾滋病毒检测。在这 3 项调查中，97.8%的访谈数据完整无误。
结论
在即时返回艾滋病毒和其他即时护理测试结果的情况下，进行全国性的基于人群的艾滋病毒影响评估是可行的，数据质量很高。
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