Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36, SanHao Street, Shenyang, 110004, China.
World J Pediatr. 2021 Aug;17(4):355-363. doi: 10.1007/s12519-021-00434-z. Epub 2021 Jun 25.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread around the world and reports of children during early epidemic period showed features of family clusters. The aim of this study is to assess clinical profiles of COVID-19 in family clusters with children.
We performed a systematic literature review of English database (PubMed, Web of Science) and Chinese database (" www.cnki.net ", " www.cqvip.com " and " www.Wanfangdata.com.cn ") to identify papers on family clusters of COVID-19 with children and their family members.
Eighteen studies involving 34 children and 98 adults from 28 families were included. Fever, cough and ground-grass opacity change of chest computed tomography (CT) were the dominant features, whereas proportion of asymptomatic infections for children was higher than adults with statistical significance (32.4% and 13.3%, respectively, P < 0.05). Median time of longer incubation period (10 days) and shorter duration of pharyngeal swab nucleic acid test positive period (11 days) were seen in children than adults (7 and 17 days, respectively) with statistical significance (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in lymphopenia, increased C-reactive protein and abnormal chest CT between children and adult patients (P < 0.05). Twenty-seven families reported adults as first case of COVID-19 in family clusters.
The same virus strain can cause milder disease in children compared with their caregivers. Children of COVID-19 were infected by adults in family during the early epidemic period. Asymptomatic patients can transmit the virus.
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）已在全球范围内传播，早期疫情期间有关儿童的报告显示出家庭聚集的特征。本研究旨在评估儿童COVID-19 家庭聚集的临床特征。
我们对英文数据库（PubMed、Web of Science）和中文数据库（“www.cnki.net”、“www.cqvip.com”和“www.Wanfangdata.com.cn”）进行了系统文献回顾，以确定有关儿童及其家庭成员 COVID-19 家庭聚集的论文。
纳入了 18 项研究，涉及 28 个家庭的 34 名儿童和 98 名成人。发热、咳嗽和肺部磨玻璃影改变是胸部 CT 的主要特征，而儿童无症状感染的比例高于成人，差异具有统计学意义（分别为 32.4%和 13.3%，P<0.05）。儿童的潜伏期较长（10 天），咽拭子核酸检测阳性期较短（11 天），与成人相比差异有统计学意义（分别为 7 天和 17 天，P<0.05）。儿童与成人患者的淋巴细胞减少、C 反应蛋白升高和异常胸部 CT 之间存在统计学差异（P<0.05）。27 个家庭报告成人是家庭聚集中 COVID-19 的首例病例。
同一病毒株在儿童中引起的疾病比照顾者轻。COVID-19 患儿是在疫情早期由成人在家中感染的。无症状患者可以传播病毒。
