Jaegers Lisa A, Vaughn Michael G, Werth Paul, Matthieu Monica M, Ahmad Syed Omar, Barnidge Ellen
Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Saint Louis University Doisy College of Health Sciences, St. Louis, MO, USA.
School of Social Work, Saint Louis University College for Public Health and Social Justice, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Saf Health Work. 2021 Jun;12(2):167-173. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2020.10.008. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
Correctional officers (COs) experience elevated rates of mental and physical ill-health as compared with other general industry and public safety occupations. The purpose of this study was to investigate demographic, mental health, job tenure, and work-family characteristics and their prospective association to burnout within and between jail officers during one year of new employment.
In 2016, newly hired jail officers (N = 144) completed self-reported surveys across four time points in a one-year prospective study at a Midwestern United States urban jail. Linear mixed-effects and growth modeling examined how work-family conflict (W-FC) and depressive symptoms relate to perceptions of burnout over time.
Jail officer burnout increased and was related to rises in W-FC and depression symptoms. Within-person variance for W-FC (B = .52, < .001) and depression symptoms (B = .06, < .01) were significant predictors of burnout. Less time on the job remained a significant predictor of burnout across all analyses (B = .03, p < .001).
Results from this study indicate that burnout increased during the first year of new employment; and increased W-FC, higher depression, and brief tenure were associated with burnout among jail COs. Future study of correctional workplace health is needed to identify tailored, multilevel interventions that address burnout and W-FC prevention and early intervention among COs.
与其他一般行业和公共安全职业相比，惩教人员出现身心健康问题的比例更高。本研究的目的是调查人口统计学、心理健康、工作任期以及工作与家庭特征，以及它们在新入职一年期间狱警内部和之间与职业倦怠的前瞻性关联。
2016年，在美国中西部城市监狱进行的一项为期一年的前瞻性研究中，新聘用的狱警（N = 144）在四个时间点完成了自我报告调查。线性混合效应和增长模型研究了工作与家庭冲突（W-FC）和抑郁症状如何随时间与职业倦怠感相关。
狱警的职业倦怠增加，且与W-FC和抑郁症状的增加有关。W-FC（B = 0.52，p < 0.001）和抑郁症状（B = 0.06，p < 0.01）的个体内部差异是职业倦怠的重要预测因素。在所有分析中，工作时间较短仍然是职业倦怠的重要预测因素（B = 0.03，p < 0.001）。
本研究结果表明，新入职的第一年职业倦怠增加；W-FC增加、抑郁程度较高和任期较短与狱警的职业倦怠有关。需要对惩教工作场所健康进行进一步研究，以确定针对性的多层次干预措施，解决狱警的职业倦怠问题以及预防和早期干预W-FC。
