Mohamadshahi Majid, Haybar Habib, Mousavi-Borazjani Aghdas, Haghighizadeh Mohammadhossein, Abiri Behnaz
Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Atherosclerosis Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2021 Apr 26;20(1):697-708. doi: 10.1007/s40200-021-00801-7. eCollection 2021 Jun.
BACKGROUND: This research aimed to investigate the association between dietary patterns with severity of coronary artery stenosis, serum leptin-to-adiponectin ratio, and some related risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease referred for coronary angiography. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 191 men patients with known coronary disease aged 40-70 years whom were admitted to angiography ward of Ahvaz teaching hospital, Ahvaz, Iran. Dietary patterns were investigated using 161-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric indices; blood pressure; serum levels of adiponectin and leptin, blood levels of glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides were measured. Patients were categorized based on the severity of coronary artery disease [number of vessel involved-single (VD1), double (VD2), triple (VD3)]. RESULTS: Three major dietary patterns were recognized using a factor analysis approach: western, healthy, and traditional patterns. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that there was a negative association between healthy dietary pattern with LDL-C, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. This dietary pattern was positively related to HDL-C. Both traditional and western dietary patterns were related to fasting blood glucose level and lipid profile. General obesity was positively associated with traditional and western dietary patterns. There was a positive relationship between central obesity with traditional and western dietary patterns, but a negative association was reported between the healthy dietary pattern and central obesity. Traditional and western dietary patterns demonstrated a significant positive relationship with serum leptin levels and ratio of L/A, and an inverse relationship with adiponectin. Healthy dietary pattern had a significant negative association with serum leptin levels and ratio of L/A. Healthy dietary pattern was negatively related to the severity of vessel stenosis. Patients in the third quartile of healthy dietary pattern were less likely to have vessel stenosis (OR = 43%, 95% CI: 0.07-0.87). CONCLUSIONS: The findings show that adherence to a healthy dietary pattern was negatively associated with coronary artery stenosis and its related risk factors. However, adherence to western and traditional dietary patterns was positively related to coronary artery disease risk factors.
背景：本研究旨在调查接受冠状动脉造影的冠心病患者的饮食模式与冠状动脉狭窄严重程度、血清瘦素与脂联素比值以及一些相关危险因素之间的关联。 方法：本横断面研究对191名年龄在40 - 70岁的已知冠心病男性患者进行，这些患者入住伊朗阿瓦士教学医院的血管造影病房。使用161项半定量食物频率问卷调查饮食模式。测量人体测量指标、血压、脂联素和瘦素的血清水平、血糖、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和甘油三酯的血液水平。根据冠状动脉疾病的严重程度[受累血管数量 - 单支（VD1）、双支（VD2）、三支（VD3）]对患者进行分类。 结果：采用因子分析方法识别出三种主要饮食模式：西方饮食模式、健康饮食模式和传统饮食模式。线性回归分析表明，健康饮食模式与LDL-C、总胆固醇和甘油三酯之间存在负相关。这种饮食模式与HDL-C呈正相关。传统饮食模式和西方饮食模式均与空腹血糖水平和血脂谱有关。全身性肥胖与传统饮食模式和西方饮食模式呈正相关。中心性肥胖与传统饮食模式和西方饮食模式呈正相关，但健康饮食模式与中心性肥胖呈负相关。传统饮食模式和西方饮食模式与血清瘦素水平和L/A比值呈显著正相关，与脂联素呈负相关。健康饮食模式与血清瘦素水平和L/A比值呈显著负相关。健康饮食模式与血管狭窄严重程度呈负相关。处于健康饮食模式第三四分位数的患者发生血管狭窄的可能性较小（OR = 43%，95% CI：0.07 - 0.87）。 结论：研究结果表明，坚持健康饮食模式与冠状动脉狭窄及其相关危险因素呈负相关。然而，坚持西方饮食模式和传统饮食模式与冠心病危险因素呈正相关。
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