Sieng S, Patrick I W, Walkden-Brown S W, Sar C
General Directorate of Animal Health and Production, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2022 Jul;69(4):2126-2139. doi: 10.1111/tbed.14207. Epub 2021 Jul 8.
The Cambodian government is attempting to mobilise government, donor and private sector funding to implement a coordinated FMD vaccination program (FMDVP). A necessary first step is to convince the farmers of the benefits of participating in and potentially financially supporting this program. Information was collected from 300 farmers in order to estimate the on-farm benefits and costs of their participation in an FMDVP. Implementing a successful vaccination program is difficult, and farmers understand from previous experience that there may be institutional, social, technical and financial constraints which limit its success. A benefit-cost analysis needs to take into account that outbreaks do not occur every year, not all cattle will be successfully vaccinated, not all sick animals successfully treated and sometimes sick animals simply sold. This study sensitises these variables in order to give a realistic estimation of the farmer participation benefits in an FMDVP. A general result is that it is worthwhile for farmers to participate in the FMDVP if there are average annual outbreaks, or at least two major outbreaks, in the ensuing 5 years. However, the results are influenced by the interaction of vaccination success and treatment success and coverage. Ineffective coverage and poor treatment of sick animals reduce the benefits of an FMDVP. It is also important that farmers do not sell sick stock and, if they do, that they are able to breed replacements rather than purchase replacements. There are many factors in the smallholder cattle farming system that will influence the success of an FMDVP; farmers will only choose to participate if they can be convinced of the short and long-term economic benefits.
柬埔寨政府正试图动员政府、捐助方和私营部门提供资金，以实施一项协调一致的口蹄疫疫苗接种计划（FMDVP）。第一步必要的工作是让农民相信参与并可能在经济上支持该计划的好处。为了估算农民参与FMDVP的农场收益和成本，我们收集了300名农民的信息。实施一项成功的疫苗接种计划并非易事，农民从以往经验中了解到，可能存在制度、社会、技术和资金方面的限制因素，会影响其成功实施。效益成本分析需要考虑到疫情并非每年都会发生，并非所有牛都能成功接种疫苗，并非所有患病动物都能得到成功治疗，而且有时患病动物只是被卖掉了。本研究对这些变量进行了分析，以便对农民参与FMDVP的收益进行现实的估算。一个普遍的结果是，如果在接下来的5年里平均每年有疫情爆发，或者至少有两次重大疫情爆发，那么农民参与FMDVP是值得的。然而，结果会受到疫苗接种成功率、治疗成功率和覆盖率之间相互作用的影响。无效的覆盖率和对患病动物的治疗不力会降低FMDVP的效益。同样重要的是，农民不要出售患病牲畜，如果出售了，他们要有能力繁殖替代牲畜，而不是购买替代牲畜。小农养牛系统中有许多因素会影响FMDVP的成功；只有当农民相信该计划的短期和长期经济效益时，他们才会选择参与。
