客观评估老年人的身体活动和久坐行为与整体认知功能：系统综述。
Objectively assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior and global cognitive function in older adults: a systematic review.
机构信息
Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam, 1081 BT, the Netherlands.
Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, 300 Grattan Street, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3050, Australia.
出版信息
Mech Ageing Dev. 2021 Sep;198:111524. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111524. Epub 2021 Jun 25.
BACKGROUND
Both physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) are important factors for healthy ageing. This systematic review aimed to determine the association of objectively assessed (instrumented) PA and SB with global cognitive function in older adults.
METHODS
PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library (via Wiley), CINAHL, PsychINFO, and SPORTDiscus (via EBSCO) were searched from inception to June 21, 2020 for articles that described associations of objectively assessed PA/SB with global cognitive function in older adults aged 60 years and older. Results were synthesized using an effect direction heat map and albatross plots portrayed estimated effect sizes (standardized regression coefficients (βs)), which were summarized in boxplots.
RESULTS
In total, 45 articles were included representing a total of 15,817 older adults (mean/median age ranged from 65 to 88 years; 49.5% female). Longitudinal studies (n = 7) showed that higher moderate-to-vigorous and light PA (MVPA and LPA, respectively) and lower SB were associated with better global cognitive function. Standardized βs of cross-sectional studies (n = 38) showed that lower SB (median [IQR], β = 0.078 [0.004-0.184] and higher LPA (β = 0.096 [0.046-0.188]), activity counts (β = 0.131 [0.049-0.224]), number of steps (β = 0.155 [0.096-0.246]), MVPA (β = 0.163 [0.069-0.285]) and total PA (TPA) (β = 0.174 [0.147-0.255]) were associated with better global cognitive function.
CONCLUSIONS
Higher PA and lower SB are associated with better global cognitive function in older adults. The greatest estimated effect sizes were found for moderate-to-vigorous and TPA, suggesting that greater duration of any PA, and high intensity PA could be most beneficial for global cognitive function.
背景
体力活动（PA）和久坐行为（SB）都是健康老龄化的重要因素。本系统综述旨在确定客观评估（仪器）PA 和 SB 与老年人整体认知功能的关系。
方法
从建库到 2020 年 6 月 21 日，在 PubMed、Embase、Cochrane 图书馆（通过 Wiley）、CINAHL、PsychINFO 和 SPORTDiscus（通过 EBSCO）中检索描述客观评估的 PA/SB 与 60 岁及以上老年人整体认知功能关系的文章。使用效应方向热图和信天翁图描绘估计的效应大小（标准化回归系数（β）），并在箱线图中总结。
结果
共纳入 45 篇文章，共计 15817 名老年人（平均/中位数年龄 65-88 岁；49.5%为女性）。纵向研究（n=7）表明，较高的中等到剧烈体力活动和较低的 SB 与更好的整体认知功能相关。横断面研究（n=38）的标准化β 表明，较低的 SB（中位数[IQR]，β=0.078[0.004-0.184]和较高的 LPA（β=0.096[0.046-0.188]）、活动计数（β=0.131[0.049-0.224]）、步数（β=0.155[0.096-0.246]）、中等到剧烈体力活动（β=0.163[0.069-0.285]）和总体力活动（TPA）（β=0.174[0.147-0.255]）与更好的整体认知功能相关。
结论
较高的 PA 和较低的 SB 与老年人的整体认知功能相关。最大的估计效应大小见于中等到剧烈和 TPA，这表明任何 PA 的持续时间更长和高强度 PA 对整体认知功能最有益。
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