Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.
ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders and Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.
Psychiatry Res. 2021 Aug;302:113971. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113971. Epub 2021 May 6.
Different dimensions of formal thought disorder (FTD) are distinguished by different patterns of cognitive dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia; however, inconsistent findings may relate to patient-related confounds. To avoid these confounds, we examined relationships between FTD dimensions and cognitive domains in a non-clinical sample with attenuated schizophrenia-like traits, or schizotypal traits, on the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (N = 91). To our knowledge, no study has done this. FTD dimension scores were derived following principal component analysis of the Scale for the Assessment of Thought, Language and Communication (TLC dimensions: Disorganisation, Verbosity, Emptiness) and the Thought and Language Index (TLI dimensions: Negative, Idiosyncratic). The sample completed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Findings indicate that higher-order reasoning, executive function (set shift and generative ability) and language/semantic functioning are the primary drivers of FTD in our non-clinical sample with elevated schizotypal traits, in line with schizophrenia research. FTD may have shared aetiology along the schizophrenia spectrum.
不同维度的形式思维障碍（FTD）在精神分裂症患者中表现为不同的认知功能障碍模式；然而，不一致的发现可能与患者相关的混杂因素有关。为了避免这些混杂因素，我们在一个具有减弱的类似精神分裂症特征或精神分裂型特质的非临床样本中，使用精神分裂型人格问卷（N=91），研究了 FTD 维度与认知领域之间的关系。据我们所知，还没有研究这样做过。在对思维、语言和交流量表（TLC 维度：混乱、冗长、空洞）和思维与语言指数（TLI 维度：消极、奇异）进行主成分分析后，得出了 FTD 维度的分数。样本完成了一个全面的神经心理学测试。结果表明，在我们具有升高的精神分裂型特质的非临床样本中，高阶推理、执行功能（定势转移和生成能力）和语言/语义功能是 FTD 的主要驱动因素，这与精神分裂症的研究一致。FTD 可能在精神分裂症谱系中具有共同的病因。
