Deyo Cliff, Langdon Robyn
Department of Psychology, and.
ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders, Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2019 May;207(5):410-416. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000000991.
Different dimensions of formal thought disorder (FTD) are distinguished by different patterns of cognitive dysfunction and cortical variability in patients with schizophrenia; however, inconsistent findings may relate to patient-related confounds. Investigating FTD in nonpatient samples with elevated levels of schizotypal traits avoids these confounds, but its utility to FTD research is unknown. Thus, we performed principal components analysis (PCA) of FTD ratings using the Scale for the Assessment of Thought, Language, and Communication (TLC) and the Thought and Language Index (TLI) in a general-community sample with elevated schizotypal traits. Both scales showed "clinically elevated" FTD, particularly, the TLC. PCA described a three-component TLC solution ("disorganization," "verbosity," "emptiness") and a two-component TLI solution ("negative," "idiosyncratic"), generally consistent with schizophrenia research. TLC "disorganization" and "emptiness" were correlated with psychosis-like experiences. TLI "negative" was associated with lower general cognitive function, consistent with schizophrenia research. FTD may have shared etiology along the schizophrenia spectrum.
精神分裂症患者形式思维障碍（FTD）的不同维度由不同的认知功能障碍模式和皮质变异性来区分；然而，结果不一致可能与患者相关的混杂因素有关。在具有分裂型人格特质水平升高的非患者样本中研究FTD可避免这些混杂因素，但其对FTD研究的效用尚不清楚。因此，我们使用思维、语言和沟通评估量表（TLC）和思维与语言指数（TLI），对具有升高的分裂型人格特质的普通社区样本中的FTD评分进行了主成分分析（PCA）。两个量表均显示出“临床升高”的FTD，尤其是TLC。PCA描述了一个包含三个成分的TLC解决方案（“紊乱”、“冗长”、“空洞”）和一个包含两个成分的TLI解决方案（“消极”、“特质性”），总体上与精神分裂症研究一致。TLC的“紊乱”和“空洞”与类精神病体验相关。TLI的“消极”与较低的一般认知功能相关，这与精神分裂症研究一致。FTD可能在精神分裂症谱系中具有共同的病因。
