LAQV-REQUIMTE/Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal; Laboratorio de Análisis Químicos y Biotecnológicos, Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador.
LAQV-REQUIMTE/Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Nov 1;793:148496. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148496. Epub 2021 Jun 19.
Glyphosate (GLY) is the main ingredient in the weed killer Roundup and the most widely used pesticide in the world. Studies of the harmful effects of GLY on human health began to become more wide-ranging after 2015. GLY is listed by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a carcinogenic hazard to humans. Moreover, GLY has the property to complex with transition metals and are stable for long periods, being considered a high-risk element for different matrices, such as environmental (soil and water) and food (usually genetically modified crops). Since that, it was noticed an increment in the development of new analytical methods for its determination in different matrices like food, environmental and biological fluids. Noteworthy, the application of electrochemical techniques for downstream detection sparked interest due to the ability to minimize or eliminate the use of polluting chemicals, using simple and affordable equipment. This work aims to review the contribution of the electroanalytical methods for the determination of GLY in different food and environmental matrices. Parameters such as the electrochemical transduction techniques based on the electrical measurement signals, receptor materials for electrodes preparation, and the detection mechanisms are described in this review. The literature review shows that the electrochemical sensors are powerful detection system that can be improved by their design and by their portability to fulfil the needs of the GLY determination in laboratory benches, or even in situ analysis.
草甘膦（GLY）是除草剂 Roundup 的主要成分，也是世界上使用最广泛的农药。自 2015 年以来，对草甘膦对人类健康的有害影响的研究开始变得更加广泛。国际癌症研究机构（IARC）将草甘膦列为对人类致癌的危险物质。此外，草甘膦具有与过渡金属络合的性质，并且在很长一段时间内稳定，被认为是环境（土壤和水）和食品（通常是转基因作物）等不同基质中的高风险元素。此后，人们注意到，为了在不同的基质（如食品、环境和生物流体）中对其进行测定，开发了新的分析方法。值得注意的是，由于能够最小化或消除使用污染性化学物质，电化学技术在下游检测中的应用引起了人们的兴趣，因为它使用简单且经济实惠的设备。本文旨在综述用于不同食品和环境基质中草甘膦测定的电分析方法的贡献。本文综述了基于电测量信号的电化学转换技术、电极制备用受体材料以及检测机制等参数。文献综述表明，电化学传感器是一种强大的检测系统，可以通过其设计和便携性进行改进，以满足在实验室台或甚至现场分析中测定草甘膦的需求。
