Yousefian Farzad, Hüttemann Hannah, Borjesson Mats, Ekblom Pontus, Mohr Magni, Fransson Dan
Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Department of Sports Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
Center for Health and Performance, Department of Food and Nutrition and Sports Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2021 Aug;61(8):1081-1090. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.21.12811-7. Epub 2021 Jun 29.
With the growing scientific interest in women's football it is critical to understand the match demands and fatigue patterns during a top-class women's competition.
Physical characteristics and performance of top-class women football matches during the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup was investigated from data collected using global positioning system for 21 outfield players during the tournament.
Relative total distance (TD; m·min) was moderately lower (P≤0.05, ES:0.6) in the final match (96.1±5.0 m·min) compared to the first (104.1±5.9 m·min) match. Performance in relative total high-speed running (THSR; m·min) declined -27.5% (P≥0.05) throughout the tournament following peak performance in the third match (M3) (5.3±1.7 m·min). Match performance between halves was reduced -25.4±0.13% (P≤0.05, ES:1.2-2.3) across all measures in M3. Relative high-intensity running (HIR; 25.9±3.5 m·min) and THSR (9.8±1.5 m·min) were greater (P≤0.05, ES:0.2-0.7) for forwards, while midfielders performed greater (P≤0.05, ES:0.6) relative total distance (102.0±5.5 m·min), compared to central defenders (HIR: 16.1±3.7 m·min; THSR: 3.1±1.6 m·min; TD: 92.5±5.7 m·min). Reductions in relative HIR between halves (-10.9%), within the first half (-31.0%), and the start and end of the match (-36.9%) were most pronounced for midfielders (P≤0.05, ES:0.6-2.3). Across all matches, relative THSR performance was reduced, with moderate to large differences (P≤0.001, ES: 0.7-0.8) observed between halves, within the first half, and throughout the match.
In conclusion, specific fatigue patterns observed within and between matches throughout the women's World Cup, may be influenced by playing positions, the rank of the opposition, as well as the stage of the tournament.
随着对女子足球的科学兴趣日益浓厚，了解顶级女子比赛中的比赛需求和疲劳模式至关重要。
通过使用全球定位系统收集的2019年国际足联女子世界杯期间21名外场球员的数据，对顶级女子足球比赛的身体特征和表现进行了调查。
与第一场比赛（104.1±5.9米·分钟）相比，决赛中相对总距离（TD；米·分钟）适度降低（P≤0.05，效应量：0.6）（96.1±5.0米·分钟）。在第三场比赛（M3）达到最高表现（5.3±1.7米·分钟）后，整个比赛期间相对总高速奔跑距离（THSR；米·分钟）下降了27.5%（P≥0.05）。在M3中，所有指标的半场间比赛表现下降了25.4±0.13%（P≤0.05，效应量：1.2 - 2.3）。前锋的相对高强度奔跑距离（HIR；25.9±3.5米·分钟）和THSR（9.8±1.5米·分钟）更大（P≤0.05，效应量：0.2 - 0.7），而中场球员的相对总距离（102.0±5.5米·分钟）更大（P≤0.05，效应量：0.6），相比中后卫（HIR：16.1±3.7米·分钟；THSR：3.1±1.6米·分钟；TD：92.5±5.7米·分钟）。中场球员在半场间（-10.9%）、上半场内（-31.0%）以及比赛开始和结束时（-36.9%）的相对HIR下降最为明显（P≤0.05，效应量：0.6 - 2.3）。在所有比赛中，相对THSR表现均下降，在半场间、上半场内以及整个比赛期间观察到中度至较大差异（P≤0.001，效应量：0.7 - 0.8）。
总之，在女子世界杯比赛中观察到的比赛内和比赛间的特定疲劳模式，可能受到比赛位置、对手排名以及比赛阶段的影响。
