NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz, 01006, Spain.
Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, 01009, Spain.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2021 Aug;10(16):e2100217. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202100217. Epub 2021 Jun 29.
Nanoclay-reinforced biomaterials have sparked a new avenue in advanced healthcare materials that can potentially revolutionize treatment of musculoskeletal defects. Native tissues display many important chemical, mechanical, biological, and physical properties that engineered biomaterials need to mimic for optimal tissue integration and regeneration. However, it is time-consuming and difficult to endow such combinatorial properties on materials via feasible and nontoxic procedures. Fortunately, a number of nanomaterials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, MXenes, and nanoclays already display a plethora of material properties that can be transferred to biomaterials through a simple incorporation procedure. In this direction, the members of the nanoclay family are easy to functionalize chemically, they can significantly reinforce the mechanical performance of biomaterials, and can provide bioactive properties by ionic dissolution products to upregulate cartilage and bone tissue formation. For this reason, nanoclays can become a key component for future orthopedic biomaterials. In this review, we specifically focus on the rapidly decreasing gap between clinic and laboratory by highlighting their application in a number of promising in vivo studies.
纳米黏土增强型生物材料为先进的医疗保健材料开辟了新途径，有望彻底革新对运动系统缺陷的治疗方法。天然组织具有许多重要的化学、机械、生物和物理特性，工程生物材料需要模拟这些特性，以实现最佳的组织整合和再生。然而，通过可行且无毒的方法赋予材料这种组合特性既耗时又困难。幸运的是，许多纳米材料（如石墨烯、碳纳米管、MXenes 和纳米黏土）已经表现出大量的材料特性，可以通过简单的掺入过程转移到生物材料上。在这方面，纳米黏土家族的成员很容易进行化学功能化，它们可以显著增强生物材料的机械性能，并通过离子溶解产物提供生物活性特性，以上调软骨和骨组织的形成。因此，纳米黏土可以成为未来骨科生物材料的关键组成部分。在这篇综述中，我们特别关注通过强调它们在一些有前途的体内研究中的应用，来缩小临床与实验室之间的差距。
