Deesha Patel, Janet Heitgerd, and Elizabeth A. DiNenno are with the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Weston O. Williams is with Public Health Analytic Consulting Services, Inc., Hillsborough, NC. Nicole Taylor-Aidoo is with Keymind, A Division of Axiom Resource Management, Inc., Falls Church, VA.
Am J Public Health. 2021 Aug;111(8):1530-1533. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2021.306321. Epub 2021 Jun 29.
To estimate gains in the prevalence of individuals who had ever been tested for HIV overall and by subpopulations from increases in the percentage of persons who had a routine checkup and were tested. We used data from the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to determine the prevalence of individuals who were ever tested for HIV and the prevalence of missed opportunities for HIV testing among those never tested in the United States. We assessed the effect of absolute percentage increases in having ever been tested among those who had a past-year routine checkup on increasing the overall prevalence of having ever been tested. In 2019, 49.5% of US adults had ever been tested for HIV; 34.5% had a missed opportunity. A 50% increase in testing at routine checkups would increase the prevalence of having ever been tested to 84.0%. Increases in the prevalence of having ever been tested (≥ 85%) was highest among persons aged 35 to 54 years, Black persons, persons who were female at birth, persons with health insurance, and persons reporting HIV risk behaviors. Fully incorporating HIV screening into primary care would greatly increase the proportion of US adults who have been tested for HIV. Continued efforts to promote HIV testing, including implementing routine screening in clinical settings, will help ensure that all US adults know their HIV status.
为了估计总体上和按亚群计算的曾经接受过 HIV 检测的个体的流行率的增加，我们使用了来自 2019 年行为风险因素监测系统的数据，以确定在美国从未接受过检测的个体中，曾经接受过 HIV 检测的个体的流行率以及错过 HIV 检测机会的流行率。我们评估了在过去一年中进行过例行体检的人群中曾经接受过检测的绝对百分比增加对增加总体上曾经接受过检测的流行率的影响。2019 年，49.5%的美国成年人曾经接受过 HIV 检测；34.5%的人错过了检测机会。如果在常规体检中检测率增加 50%，那么曾经接受过检测的流行率将增加到 84.0%。曾经接受过检测（≥85%）的流行率增加幅度最高的是年龄在 35 至 54 岁之间的人、黑人、出生时为女性的人、有医疗保险的人以及报告 HIV 风险行为的人。将 HIV 筛查完全纳入初级保健将大大增加接受过 HIV 检测的美国成年人的比例。继续努力促进 HIV 检测，包括在临床环境中实施常规筛查，将有助于确保所有美国成年人都了解自己的 HIV 状况。
