伊拉克库尔德地区 COVID-19 爆发期间医生的压力和焦虑：一项在线调查。
Stress and anxiety among physicians during the COVID-19 outbreak in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region: An online survey.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2021 Jun 29;16(6):e0253903. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253903. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
During infectious disease outbreaks, healthcare workers are at high risk of infection, infecting others, and psychological distress. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of stress and anxiety in physicians during the COVID-19 outbreak in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region and assess their associated factors.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was carried out in Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan Region, from March 28 to April 15, 2020. An online self-administered survey questionnaire was used to collect data from physicians working in specialized COVID-19 centers and other healthcare facilities. The level of stress was measured based on the 10-items Perceived Stress Scale. The level of anxiety was measured based on the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale.
RESULTS
A total of 370 participants responded to the perceived stress component of the survey, of whom 57 (15.4%) had low perceived stress, 249 (67.3%) had moderate stress, and 64 (17.3%) had high stress. Being female was significantly associated with having moderate/high stress (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.40 (95% CI 1.31-4.39)). A total of 201 participants responded to the generalized anxiety disorder component of the survey, of whom 19 (9.5%) had no anxiety, 57 (28.4%) had mild anxiety, 79 (39.3%) had moderate anxiety, and 46 (22.9%) had severe anxiety. Working in COVID-19 centers (AOR = 2.23 (95% CI 1.02-4.86)) and being general practitioners (AOR = 4.16 (95% CI 1.14-15.14)) were significantly associated with having moderate/severe anxiety.
CONCLUSION
A considerable proportion of physicians experience stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 outbreak in Iraqi Kurdistan region. Generalists and those in special COVID-19 units report the greatest anxiety. There a need to establish mechanisms to reduce the risks of stress and anxiety among physicians. Mental health coping interventions through counseling should be based on COVID-19 protocol guidelines. Interventions should also emphasize physicians' ability to work safely and efficiently in providing care to the patients.
背景
在传染病爆发期间，医护人员面临感染、感染他人和心理困扰的高风险。本研究旨在确定在伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区 COVID-19 爆发期间医生的压力和焦虑程度，并评估其相关因素。
方法
本横断面研究于 2020 年 3 月 28 日至 4 月 15 日在伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区的埃尔比勒进行。使用在线自我管理问卷调查表从专门的 COVID-19 中心和其他医疗机构的医生中收集数据。压力水平基于 10 项感知压力量表进行测量。焦虑水平基于 7 项广泛性焦虑障碍量表进行测量。
结果
共有 370 名参与者对调查的感知压力部分做出了回应，其中 57 名（15.4%）感知压力低，249 名（67.3%）感知压力中等，64 名（17.3%）感知压力高。女性与中度/高度压力显著相关（调整后的优势比（AOR）=2.40（95%CI 1.31-4.39））。共有 201 名参与者对广泛性焦虑障碍部分的调查做出了回应，其中 19 名（9.5%）无焦虑，57 名（28.4%）轻度焦虑，79 名（39.3%）中度焦虑，46 名（22.9%）严重焦虑。在 COVID-19 中心工作（AOR=2.23（95%CI 1.02-4.86））和作为全科医生（AOR=4.16（95%CI 1.14-15.14））与中度/重度焦虑显著相关。
结论
在伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区 COVID-19 爆发期间，相当一部分医生经历了压力和焦虑。通科医生和专门的 COVID-19 单位的医生报告的焦虑程度最高。需要建立机制来降低医生的压力和焦虑风险。通过咨询进行心理健康应对干预措施应基于 COVID-19 方案指南。干预措施还应强调医生在安全有效地为患者提供护理方面的能力。
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