Ohmori S, Harada K, Miyakita T, Miura H
Department of Hygiene, Kumamoto University Medical School.
Sangyo Igaku. 1988 Mar;30(2):97-111. doi: 10.1539/joh1959.30.97.
A study was made on the possibility of synergistic effects of ethyl alcohol and lead on porphyrin metabolism in rabbits. Experimental rabbits were divided into 4 groups. Group A was the control group not given any treatment, and the other 3 groups (Groups B, C and D) were treated with ethyl alcohol, lead, and ethyl alcohol and lead respectively, for 2 months. Ethyl alcohol solution (5%) was administered to rabbits in Groups B and D as drinking water on every weekday. The average dose of alcohol was 6 ml/kg/day (18 ml/cap/day). Lead was injected intravenously to rabbits in Groups C and D at a dose of 0.5 mg Pb/kg on alternate days (3 times per week). Furthermore, a large dose of Pb was administered to other rabbits (Group C'). In rabbits treated with alcohol alone (Group B), no effect was observed in the biochemical indicators related to porphyrin metabolism. In the groups treated with lead (Groups C and C') and with lead and alcohol combined (Group D), some biochemical changes in porphyrin metabolism developed with increase of Pb-B, i.e. increase of ALA-S activity and total porphyrin content in the bone marrow, elevation of FEP level, increase of ALA-U and CP-U, and decrease of ALA-D activity in erythrocytes. Comparison of Groups C and D showed that CP-U and ALA-U increased significantly in Group D, but no significant difference was observed between both groups in FEP and in ALA-S activity in the bone marrow and liver. The other laboratory measurements, such as total porphyrin contents in the liver and plasma, and GOT or GPT level in serum, showed no significant change in all the groups. In the present study, the biochemical changes suggesting synergism of lead and ethyl alcohol were observed slightly in ALA-U and CP-U but not in ALA-S and FEP. These results suggest that these changes are essentially due to lead rather than mutual enhancement of the direct effects of these two toxins on porphyrin metabolism. However, it still remains to be determined whether or not ethyl alcohol affects the liver and kidney functions which may be related to ALA and CP excretion.
对乙醇和铅对家兔卟啉代谢的协同作用可能性进行了一项研究。实验家兔分为4组。A组为未接受任何处理的对照组，其他3组（B、C和D组）分别用乙醇、铅以及乙醇和铅进行处理，为期2个月。B组和D组的家兔每周工作日饮用含5%乙醇溶液的水。乙醇平均剂量为6毫升/千克/天（18毫升/只/天）。C组和D组的家兔每隔一天（每周3次）静脉注射剂量为0.5毫克铅/千克的铅。此外，给其他家兔（C'组）注射大剂量的铅。在单独用乙醇处理的家兔（B组）中，与卟啉代谢相关的生化指标未观察到变化。在用铅处理的组（C组和C'组）以及铅和乙醇联合处理的组（D组）中，随着血铅（Pb-B）升高，卟啉代谢出现了一些生化变化，即骨髓中δ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸合成酶（ALA-S）活性和总卟啉含量增加、红细胞游离原卟啉（FEP）水平升高、尿δ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸（ALA-U）和尿粪卟啉（CP-U）增加以及红细胞中δ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸脱水酶（ALA-D）活性降低。C组和D组比较显示，D组CP-U和ALA-U显著增加，但两组在FEP以及骨髓和肝脏中ALA-S活性方面未观察到显著差异。其他实验室检测指标，如肝脏和血浆中的总卟啉含量以及血清中天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（GOT）或丙氨酸氨基转移酶（GPT）水平，在所有组中均未显示出显著变化。在本研究中，提示铅和乙醇协同作用的生化变化在ALA-U和CP-U中略有观察到，但在ALA-S和FEP中未观察到。这些结果表明，这些变化本质上是由铅引起的，而非这两种毒素对卟啉代谢的直接作用相互增强。然而，乙醇是否影响可能与ALA和CP排泄相关的肝脏和肾脏功能仍有待确定。
