Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Str. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
Centre for Baltic and Scandinavian Archaeology (ZBSA), Schleswig-Holstein State Museums Foundation Schloss Gottorf, Schlossinsel 1, 24837 Schleswig, Germany.
Cell Rep. 2021 Jun 29;35(13):109278. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109278.
A 5,000-year-old Yersinia pestis genome (RV 2039) is reconstructed from a hunter-fisher-gatherer (5300-5050 cal BP) buried at Riņņukalns, Latvia. RV 2039 is the first in a series of ancient strains that evolved shortly after the split of Y. pestis from its antecessor Y. pseudotuberculosis ∼7,000 years ago. The genomic and phylogenetic characteristics of RV 2039 are consistent with the hypothesis that this very early Y. pestis form was most likely less transmissible and maybe even less virulent than later strains. Our data do not support the scenario of a prehistoric pneumonic plague pandemic, as suggested previously for the Neolithic decline. The geographical and temporal distribution of the few prehistoric Y. pestis cases reported so far is more in agreement with single zoonotic events.
从拉脱维亚 Riņņukalns 一座约 5300-5050 年前被埋葬的狩猎采集者（hunter-fisher-gatherer）遗体中，重建了一个 5000 年前的鼠疫耶尔森菌基因组（RV 2039）。RV 2039 是一系列古老菌株中的第一个，这些菌株在大约 7000 年前鼠疫耶尔森菌与其前身假结核耶尔森菌（Y. pseudotuberculosis）分道扬镳后不久就进化而来。RV 2039 的基因组和系统发育特征与以下假设一致，即这种非常早期的鼠疫耶尔森菌形式的传染性可能较低，甚至比后来的菌株毒性更低。我们的数据不支持史前肺鼠疫大流行的情景，这与新石器时代衰落时期的推测相反。迄今为止报告的少数史前鼠疫耶尔森菌病例的地理和时间分布更符合单一的人畜共患事件。
