Patterson Jackie, North Krysten, Dempsey Eugene, Ishoso Daniel, Trevisanuto Daniele, Lee Anne Cc, Kamath-Rayne Beena D
Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, UNC Hospitals, 4th Floor, 101 Manning Drive, Room N45051, Campus Box 7596, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7596, USA.
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021 Aug;26(4):101262. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2021.101262. Epub 2021 Jun 22.
One million two hundred thousand neonatal lives are lost each year due to intrapartum-related events; 99% of these deaths occur in low- and lower middle-income countries. Neonates exposed to intrapartum-related events present with failure to breathe at birth. Quick and effective delivery room management of these neonates is critical in the prevention of brain injury. Given the prominent role of lung aeration in the cardiopulmonary transition at birth, the mainstay of neonatal resuscitation is effective ventilation. Basic neonatal resuscitation focuses on simple stimulation, airway positioning and clearing, and bag-mask ventilation. Although principles for basic neonatal resuscitation remain the same for high- and low-resource settings, guidelines may differ based on available human and material resources. Formal training in basic resuscitation reduces intrapartum-related neonatal mortality in low-resource settings. However, there remain opportunities to improve provider performance for increased impact with other strategies such as regular practice and continuous quality improvement.
每年有120万新生儿因分娩相关事件死亡；其中99%的死亡发生在低收入和中低收入国家。暴露于分娩相关事件的新生儿出生时出现呼吸衰竭。对这些新生儿进行快速有效的产房管理对于预防脑损伤至关重要。鉴于肺通气在出生时心肺转变中的突出作用，新生儿复苏的主要手段是有效通气。基本新生儿复苏着重于简单刺激、气道定位与清理以及面罩通气。尽管基本新生儿复苏原则在资源丰富和资源匮乏地区保持一致，但指南可能因可用人力和物力资源而异。在资源匮乏地区，基本复苏的正规培训可降低分娩相关的新生儿死亡率。然而，仍有机会通过定期练习和持续质量改进等其他策略来提高医护人员的表现，以增强效果。
