Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, USA.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Tob Control. 2022 Aug;31(e1):e3-e9. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056582. Epub 2021 Jun 30.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently banned flavours from pod-style electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), except for menthol and tobacco. JUUL customers have quickly discovered that flavoured disposable e-cigarettes from other manufacturers, such as Puff, are readily available. Our goal was to compare flavour chemicals, synthetic coolants and pulegone in mint-flavoured/menthol-flavoured e-cigarettes from JUUL and Puff, evaluate the cytotoxicity of the coolants and perform a cancer risk assessment for pulegone, which is present in both JUUL pods and disposable Puff products.
Identification and quantification of chemicals were performed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Cytotoxicity of the coolants was evaluated with BEAS-2B cells using the MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The cancer risk of pulegone was calculated using the margin of exposure (MOE).
Menthol was the dominant flavour chemical (>1 mg/mL) in all products from both manufacturers. Minor flavour chemicals (<1 mg/mL) differed in the JUUL and Puff fluids and may produce flavour accents. The concentrations of WS-3 and WS-23 were higher in Puff than in JUUL. WS-23 was cytotoxic in the MTT assay at concentrations 90 times lower than concentrations in Puff fluids. The risk of cancer (MOE<10 000) was greater for mint than for menthol products and greater for Puff than for JUUL.
Switching from flavoured JUUL to Puff e-cigarettes may expose users to increased harm due to the higher levels of WS-23 and pulegone in Puff products. Cancer risk may be reduced in e-cigarettes by using pure menthol rather than mint oils to produce minty-flavoured e-cigarette products.
美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）最近禁止了除薄荷醇和烟草以外的口味的一次性电子烟（电子烟）。JUUL 的消费者很快发现，其他制造商（如 Puff）生产的薄荷醇/口味的一次性电子烟，如 Puff，随处可见。我们的目标是比较 JUUL 和 Puff 的薄荷醇/口味电子烟中的香味化学品、合成冷却剂和侧柏酮，评估冷却剂的细胞毒性，并对 Puff 产品和 JUUL 烟弹中都存在的侧柏酮进行致癌风险评估。
使用气相色谱/质谱法对化学品进行鉴定和定量。使用 MTT 3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴化物法评估冷却剂的细胞毒性。使用暴露量（MOE）计算侧柏酮的致癌风险。
薄荷醇是两种制造商生产的所有产品中（>1 mg/mL）的主要香味化学品。在 JUUL 和 Puff 烟液中，少量的香味化学品（<1 mg/mL）有所不同，可能会产生不同的香味。WS-3 和 WS-23 在 Puff 中的浓度高于 JUUL。WS-23 在 MTT 试验中具有细胞毒性，其浓度比 Puff 烟液中的浓度低 90 倍。薄荷味产品的致癌风险（MOE<10000）大于薄荷醇产品，Puff 产品的致癌风险大于 JUUL 产品。
从口味的 JUUL 电子烟切换到口味的 Puff 电子烟，由于 Puff 产品中 WS-23 和侧柏酮的含量较高，使用者可能会受到更大的伤害。通过使用纯薄荷醇而不是薄荷油来生产薄荷醇味电子烟产品，可以降低电子烟的致癌风险。
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