Xin Youchao, Ma Bi, Zeng Qiwei, He Wenmin, Qin Meiling, He Ningjia
State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China.
Hortic Res. 2021 Jul 1;8(1):154. doi: 10.1038/s41438-021-00588-x.
DNA methylation has been proposed to regulate plant stress resistance. However, the dynamic changes in DNA methylation in woody plants and their correlations with pathogenic responses are not fully understood. Here, we present single-base maps of the DNA methylomes of mulberry (Morus notabilis) leaves that were subjected to a mock treatment or inoculation with Botrytis cinerea. Compared with the former, the latter showed decreased mCG and mCHG levels and increased mCHH levels. DNA methylation inhibitors reduced resistance gene methylation levels and enhanced mulberry resistance, suggesting that the hypomethylation of resistance genes affects mulberry resistance to B. cinerea. Virus-induced gene silencing of MnMET1 enhanced the expression of mulberry-resistance genes, thereby increasing the plant's resistance to B. cinerea. We also found that MITEs play a dominant role in controlling DNA methylation levels. MITEs appear to be the main sources of 24-nt siRNAs that regulate gene expression through the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway.
DNA甲基化被认为可调节植物的抗逆性。然而，木本植物中DNA甲基化的动态变化及其与致病反应的相关性尚未完全明确。在此，我们展示了经模拟处理或接种灰葡萄孢的桑树叶DNA甲基化组的单碱基图谱。与前者相比，后者的mCG和mCHG水平降低，mCHH水平升高。DNA甲基化抑制剂降低了抗性基因的甲基化水平并增强了桑树的抗性，这表明抗性基因的低甲基化影响桑树对灰葡萄孢的抗性。病毒诱导的MnMET1基因沉默增强了桑树抗性基因的表达，从而提高了植株对灰葡萄孢的抗性。我们还发现微型反向重复转座元件（MITEs）在控制DNA甲基化水平中起主导作用。MITEs似乎是通过RNA介导的DNA甲基化途径调控基因表达的24-nt小干扰RNA（siRNAs）的主要来源。
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