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植物 NADPH 氧化酶 RBOHD 是叶片微生物组稳态所必需的。

The plant NADPH oxidase RBOHD is required for microbiota homeostasis in leaves.

机构信息

Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

出版信息

Nat Microbiol. 2021 Jul;6(7):852-864. doi: 10.1038/s41564-021-00929-5. Epub 2021 Jun 30.

DOI:10.1038/s41564-021-00929-5
PMID:34194036
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7612668/
Abstract

The plant microbiota consists of a multitude of microorganisms that can affect plant health and fitness. However, it is currently unclear how the plant shapes its leaf microbiota and what role the plant immune system plays in this process. Here, we evaluated Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with defects in different parts of the immune system for an altered bacterial community assembly using a gnotobiotic system. While higher-order mutants in receptors that recognize microbial features and in defence hormone signalling showed substantial microbial community alterations, the absence of the plant NADPH oxidase RBOHD caused the most pronounced change in the composition of the leaf microbiota. The rbohD knockout resulted in an enrichment of specific bacteria. Among these, we identified Xanthomonas strains as opportunistic pathogens that colonized wild-type plants asymptomatically but caused disease in rbohD knockout plants. Strain dropout experiments revealed that the lack of RBOHD unlocks the pathogenicity of individual microbiota members driving dysbiosis in rbohD knockout plants. For full protection, healthy plants require both a functional immune system and a microbial community. Our results show that the NADPH oxidase RBOHD is essential for microbiota homeostasis and emphasizes the importance of the plant immune system in controlling the leaf microbiota.

摘要

植物微生物组由多种微生物组成，这些微生物可以影响植物的健康和适应性。然而，目前尚不清楚植物如何塑造其叶片微生物组，以及植物免疫系统在这一过程中扮演什么角色。在这里，我们使用无菌体系评估了拟南芥中免疫系统不同部分缺陷的突变体，以评估其细菌群落组装的改变。虽然识别微生物特征的受体和防御激素信号转导的高等突变体显示出微生物群落的显著改变，但植物 NADPH 氧化酶 RBOHD 的缺失导致叶片微生物组组成发生了最显著的变化。rbohD 敲除导致特定细菌的富集。其中，我们鉴定出黄单胞菌属菌株是机会性病原体，它们在野生型植物中无症状定殖，但在 rbohD 敲除植物中引起疾病。菌株缺失实验表明，缺乏 RBOHD 会释放单个微生物群成员的致病性，导致 rbohD 敲除植物的菌群失调。为了充分保护，健康的植物需要一个功能正常的免疫系统和一个微生物群落。我们的结果表明，NADPH 氧化酶 RBOHD 对于微生物组稳态至关重要，并强调了植物免疫系统在控制叶片微生物组中的重要性。

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