Batool Zahra, Xu Dan, Weng Longmei, Zhang Xia, Li Bing, Li Lin
Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China.
School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808 China.
J Food Sci Technol. 2021 Jul;58(7):2538-2546. doi: 10.1007/s13197-020-04760-4. Epub 2020 Sep 3.
This study has conducted to determine the concentration levels of furan, furfural and 2-methylfuran in the six commercially available soy sauce varieties by an optimized Gas Chromatography Tripple Quadruple Mass Spectrometry. The extraction of analytes was performed by solid phase microextraction using 50/30 µm CAR/DVB/PDMS fibre in 25 min with 20% NaCl concentration under 35 °C and separation was performed on HP5-MS column. Different concentration levels of furan, furfural and 2-methylfuran were determined which differed significantly at < 0.05. A total of four metal ions (Iron sulphate, magnesium sulphate, calcium sulphate and sodium sulfite), ascorbic acid and natural antioxidants (epicatechin, epigalactocatechin and kempferol) were added in the soy sauce samples by simulating sterilization conditions. A higher reduction level was given by calcium sulphate with reduction upto 90.68%, 89.07% and 65.42% for furan, furfural and 2-methylfuran, respectively, in comparison with other metal ions. Since iron sulphate and ascorbic acid have triggered formation of furanoic compounds upto high levels instead of reduction. Moreover, from natural antioxidants, epicatechin and kemferol have provided more reduction levels around 89.66%, 90.14% and 78.75% for furan, furfural and 2-methylfuran, respectively by sterilization with catichen and 88.80%, 90.36% and 84.29% for furan, furfural and 2-methylfuran, respectively by sterilization with kempferol than epigalactocatechin. Moreover, this method was also validated in terms of sensitivity, recovery, relative standard deviation and LOD and LOQ for all analytes.
本研究通过优化的气相色谱 - 三重四极杆质谱法,测定了六种市售酱油品种中呋喃、糠醛和2 - 甲基呋喃的浓度水平。采用50/30 µm CAR/DVB/PDMS纤维在35℃下、25分钟内、20%氯化钠浓度条件下通过固相微萃取进行分析物萃取,并在HP5 - MS柱上进行分离。测定了呋喃、糠醛和2 - 甲基呋喃的不同浓度水平,其差异在<0.05时具有显著性。通过模拟杀菌条件,在酱油样品中添加了四种金属离子(硫酸铁、硫酸镁、硫酸钙和亚硫酸钠)、抗坏血酸和天然抗氧化剂(表儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素和山奈酚)。与其他金属离子相比,硫酸钙对呋喃、糠醛和2 - 甲基呋喃的还原水平更高,分别高达90.68%、89.07%和65.42%。因为硫酸铁和抗坏血酸反而引发了呋喃类化合物的高水平形成,而不是还原。此外,在天然抗氧化剂中,表儿茶素和山奈酚通过与儿茶素杀菌,对呋喃、糠醛和2 - 甲基呋喃的还原水平分别约为89.66%、90.14%和78.75%,通过与山奈酚杀菌,对呋喃、糠醛和2 - 甲基呋喃的还原水平分别约为88.80%、90.36%和84.29%,高于表没食子儿茶素。此外,该方法还在灵敏度、回收率、相对标准偏差以及所有分析物的检测限和定量限方面进行了验证。