Mohammadkhah Fatemeh, Shamsalinia Abbas, Shirinkam Fatemeh, Daneshnia Mahboubeh, Mahmoudian Amaneh, Rafiei Nastaran, Atashpoosh Abolfazl, Ghaffari Fatemeh
Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Heliyon. 2021 Jun 17;7(6):e07336. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07336. eCollection 2021 Jun.
The COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic is associated with far-reaching psychological consequences, such as anxiety. The incidence and severity of this anxiety depend on several individual, family and social factors that need to be identified and planned for effective interventions. One of these factors is health literacy (HL). The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between HL and demographic characteristics with COVID-19 anxiety in adults living in Iran at the time of coronavirus outbreak. This is a descriptive and correlational study conducted in Iran in 2021. Convenience and snowball sampling methods were used, and as the result, the number of samples reached to 560. Data were collected online through the demographic questionnaire, COVID-19 anxiety scale (CAS) and health literacy questionnaire for adults (HLQ for adults). Data were analyzed using Amos 26, SPSS 26 software and structural equational modeling (SEM) based on covariance. Significance level in this study was considered 0.05. The results of this study showed that the fit of the modify model is confirmed and HL explains 54% of the changes in anxiety in the model (β = -0.709). The variables of gender, history of chronic disease, positive history of COVID 19 and receiving social support have a moderating role in the relationship between HL and COVID-19 anxiety. Due to the great predicting role of HL in COVID-19 anxiety, it is recommended that programs be developed and implemented during the outbreak of the disease by experts and the public health policy makers to increase HL in physical and mental dimensions.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行伴随着深远的心理影响，如焦虑。这种焦虑的发生率和严重程度取决于几个个人、家庭和社会因素，这些因素需要被识别出来，以便进行有效的干预规划。其中一个因素是健康素养（HL）。本研究的目的是确定在冠状病毒爆发时，伊朗成年人的健康素养与人口统计学特征和COVID-19焦虑之间的关系。这是一项于2021年在伊朗进行的描述性和相关性研究。采用了便利抽样和滚雪球抽样方法，最终样本数量达到560个。通过人口统计学问卷、COVID-19焦虑量表（CAS）和成人健康素养问卷（成人HLQ）在线收集数据。使用Amos 26、SPSS 26软件以及基于协方差的结构方程模型（SEM）对数据进行分析。本研究的显著性水平设定为0.05。本研究结果表明，修正模型的拟合得到确认，健康素养解释了模型中焦虑变化的54%（β = -0.709）。性别、慢性病病史、COVID-19阳性病史和获得社会支持等变量在健康素养与COVID-19焦虑之间的关系中起调节作用。鉴于健康素养在COVID-19焦虑方面具有重要的预测作用，建议在疾病爆发期间，由专家和公共卫生政策制定者制定并实施相关项目，以提高身心健康方面的健康素养。
