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Matching in cluster randomized trials using the Goldilocks Approach.

作者信息

Sturdevant S Gwynn, Huang Susan S, Platt Richard, Kleinman Ken

机构信息

Laboratory for Innovation Science at Harvard, 175 N. Harvard Street, Suite 1350, Boston, MA, 02134, USA.

University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Drive South, City Tower, Suite 400, Mail Code: 4081, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.

出版信息

Contemp Clin Trials Commun. 2021 May 5;22:100746. doi: 10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100746. eCollection 2021 Jun.


DOI:10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100746
PMID:34195466
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8233129/
Abstract

In group or cluster-randomized trials (GRTs), matching is a technique that can be used to improve covariate balance. When baseline data are available, we suggest a strategy that can be used to achieve the desired balance between treatment and control groups across numerous potential confounding variables. This strategy minimizes the overall within-pair Mahalanobis distance; and involves iteratively: 1) making pairs that minimize the distance between pairs of clusters with respect to potentially confounding variables; 2) visually assessing the potential effects of these pairs and resulting possible randomizations; and 3) reweighting variables of selecting weights to make pairs of clusters. In step 2, we plot the between-arm differences with a parallel-coordinates plot. Investigators can compare plots of different weighting schemes to determine the one that best suits their needs prior to the actual, final, randomization. We demonstrate application of the approach with the Mupirocin-Iodophor Swap Out trial. A webapp is provided.

摘要
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/edcb/8233129/2d8e3a2d066c/gr2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/edcb/8233129/48be5dcd4ca3/gr1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/edcb/8233129/2d8e3a2d066c/gr2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/edcb/8233129/48be5dcd4ca3/gr1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/edcb/8233129/2d8e3a2d066c/gr2.jpg

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Chlorhexidine versus routine bathing to prevent multidrug-resistant organisms and all-cause bloodstream infections in general medical and surgical units (ABATE Infection trial): a cluster-randomised trial.

Lancet. 2019-3-5

[2]
An evaluation of constrained randomization for the design and analysis of group-randomized trials with binary outcomes.

Stat Med. 2017-10-30

[3]
Review of Recent Methodological Developments in Group-Randomized Trials: Part 1-Design.

Am J Public Health. 2017-6

[4]
An evaluation of constrained randomization for the design and analysis of group-randomized trials.

Stat Med. 2016-5-10

[5]
Targeted versus universal decolonization to prevent ICU infection.

N Engl J Med. 2013-5-29

[6]
Reweighted Mahalanobis distance matching for cluster-randomized trials with missing data.

Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2012-5

[7]
The "best balance" allocation led to optimal balance in cluster-controlled trials.

J Clin Epidemiol. 2011-8-12

[8]
The merits of breaking the matches: a cautionary tale.

Stat Med. 2007-4-30

[9]
Covariate-based constrained randomization of group-randomized trials.

Clin Trials. 2004

[10]
Design and analysis of group-randomized trials: a review of recent methodological developments.

Am J Public Health. 2004-3

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