Section of Adult Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Medical College, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Adv Respir Med. 2021;89(3):254-261. doi: 10.5603/ARM.a2021.0049.
The COVID-19 pandemic has been likened to the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic. We aim to study the similarities and differences between patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and H1N1 influenza in order to provide better care to patients, particularly during the co-circulation of Influenza A Subtype H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted in order to compare clinical characteristics, complications, and outcomes of hospitalized patients with PCR-confirmed H1N1 influenza pneumonia and COVID-19 at a tertiary care center in Karachi, Pakistan.
A total of 115 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were compared with 55 patients with H1N1 Influenza A pneumonia. Median age was similar in both COVID-19 patients (54 years) and in patients with H1N1 influenza (59 years), but there was male predominance in COVID-19 patients (OR = 2.95; 95% CI: 1.12-7.79). Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were 1.34 (95% CI: 1.14-1.62) times more likely to have a greater duration of illness prior to presentation compared to H1N1 influenza patients. COVID-19 patients were 4.59 times (95% CI: 1.32-15.94) more likely to be admitted to a general ward compared to H1N1 pneumonia patients. Moreover, patients with COVID-19 were 7.62 times (95% CI: 2.42-24.00) more likely to be treated with systemic steroids compared to patients with H1N1 pneumonia. The rate of nosocomial infections as well as mortality was similar in both H1N1 and COVID-19 pneumonia.
Our study found a male predominance and longer duration of illness in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 compared to H1N1 influenza patients but no difference in outcomes with either infection.
COVID-19 大流行堪比 2009 年 H1N1 流感大流行。我们旨在研究因 COVID-19 住院的患者和因 H1N1 流感住院的患者之间的异同，以便为患者提供更好的护理，特别是在甲型流感 H1N1 亚型和 SARS-CoV-2 同时流行期间。
在巴基斯坦卡拉奇的一家三级护理中心，我们进行了一项回顾性队列研究，以比较经 PCR 确诊的 H1N1 流感肺炎和 COVID-19 住院患者的临床特征、并发症和结局。
共比较了 115 例 COVID-19 住院患者和 55 例 H1N1 流感 A 肺炎患者。COVID-19 患者的中位年龄（54 岁）与 H1N1 流感患者的年龄（59 岁）相似，但 COVID-19 患者中男性居多（OR = 2.95；95%CI：1.12-7.79）。与 H1N1 流感患者相比，COVID-19 肺炎患者在就诊前的病程时间更长（OR = 1.34；95%CI：1.14-1.62）。与 H1N1 肺炎患者相比，COVID-19 患者更有可能被收入普通病房（OR = 4.59；95%CI：1.32-15.94）。此外，与 H1N1 肺炎患者相比，COVID-19 患者接受全身皮质类固醇治疗的可能性高 7.62 倍（95%CI：2.42-24.00）。H1N1 和 COVID-19 肺炎患者的医院感染率和死亡率相似。
与 H1N1 流感患者相比，我们的研究发现 COVID-19 住院患者中男性居多，且病程较长，但两种感染的结局无差异。
