Monterubbianesi Riccardo, Tosco Vincenzo, Bellezze Tiziano, Giuliani Giampaolo, Özcan Mutlu, Putignano Angelo, Orsini Giovanna
Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Jun 4;14(11):3072. doi: 10.3390/ma14113072.
This study aimed to evaluate two hydrogen peroxide (HP)-based at-home bleaching systems in order to analyze whether nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) addition may represent a reliable and safe solution for tooth whitening without altering dental microstructure and hardness. Human third molars (N = 15) were treated with two bleaching agents, one containing 6%HP (6HP) and the other 6% HP nHA-enriched (6HP-nHA) with average particle diameter ranging from 5-20 nm. Their effects on enamel were assessed using a spectrophotometer, Vickers microhardness (VMH) test and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), comparing the treated groups with the non-treated control group (CTR). Color analysis revealed improvement in whiteness in both groups compared to CTR. VMH test results showed no differences among the groups. SEM analysis highlighted no evident changes in the enamel microstructure of tested groups compared to CTR. At high magnification, in 6HP group, a slight increase in irregularities of enamel surface morphology was observed, while 6HP-nHA group displayed removal of the aprismatic layer but preservation of the intact prismatic structure. These results suggest that the 6HP-nHA agent may be recommended to provide reliable whitening treatment, without damaging the enamel micromorphology and hardness.
本研究旨在评估两种基于过氧化氢（HP）的家庭漂白系统，以分析添加纳米羟基磷灰石（nHA）是否可能是一种可靠且安全的牙齿美白解决方案，同时不会改变牙齿的微观结构和硬度。用两种漂白剂处理人第三磨牙（N = 15），一种含有6%HP（6HP），另一种富含6% HP的nHA（6HP-nHA），其平均粒径为5-20纳米。使用分光光度计、维氏显微硬度（VMH）测试和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）评估它们对牙釉质的影响，并将处理组与未处理的对照组（CTR）进行比较。颜色分析显示，与CTR相比，两组的白度均有所改善。VMH测试结果显示各组之间无差异。SEM分析表明，与CTR相比，测试组牙釉质微观结构无明显变化。在高倍放大下，在6HP组中，观察到牙釉质表面形态的不规则性略有增加，而6HP-nHA组显示无棱柱层被去除，但完整的棱柱结构得以保留。这些结果表明，6HP-nHA剂可能被推荐用于提供可靠的美白治疗，而不会损害牙釉质的微观形态和硬度。
