Pietinen P, Nissinen A, Vartiainen E, Tuomilehto A, Uusitalo U, Ketola A, Moisio S, Puska P
National Public Health Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Helsinki, Finland.
Prev Med. 1988 Mar;17(2):183-93. doi: 10.1016/0091-7435(88)90062-x.
The North Karelia Project is a community-based program to reduce the high cardiovascular disease rates in the province of North Karelia in eastern Finland. Dietary changes aimed at reducing serum cholesterol levels were among the main objectives. The evaluation of the program was based on examinations of independent cross-sectional population samples in 1972, 1977, and 1982 in North Karelia and in a matched reference area. A questionnaire was used to measure changes in dietary habits during the program. A major shift from whole to low-fat milk took place in both areas as well as a reduction in the amount of butter used on bread. The net reduction in North Karelia (difference in change compared with the reference area) in the intake of saturated fatty acids from milk and fat spreads used on bread was 20% in men and 14% in women. This reduction was similar in different age, education, and occupational groups suggesting that the dietary intervention had reached the whole community. The validity of the reported dietary changes was confirmed by parallel changes in serum cholesterol levels.
北卡累利阿项目是一项基于社区的计划，旨在降低芬兰东部北卡累利阿省心血管疾病的高发病率。旨在降低血清胆固醇水平的饮食改变是主要目标之一。该项目的评估基于1972年、1977年和1982年在北卡累利阿以及一个匹配的参考地区对独立横断面人群样本的检查。通过问卷调查来衡量项目期间饮食习惯的变化。两个地区都发生了从全脂牛奶到低脂牛奶的重大转变，同时用于面包的黄油用量也有所减少。北卡累利阿地区（与参考地区相比变化量之差）从牛奶和用于面包的涂抹脂肪中摄入的饱和脂肪酸净减少量，男性为20%，女性为14%。不同年龄、教育程度和职业群体中的这种减少情况相似，这表明饮食干预已覆盖整个社区。血清胆固醇水平的平行变化证实了所报告的饮食变化是有效的。
