Department of Taekwondo, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Korea.
Department of Physical Education, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 23;18(13):6762. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18136762.
This study examined the effects of resistance training on muscle quality, muscle growth factors, and functional fitness in older adult women with sarcopenia. Twenty-two older adult women aged over 65 with sarcopenia were randomly assigned to either resistance training (RT, = 12) or non-exercise control group (CG, = 10). The body weight-based and elastic band RT were performed three times a week, 60 min per session, for 16 weeks. Body composition and thigh muscle quality were estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and computed tomography (CT), respectively. The muscle growth factors, including growth differentiation factor-8 (GDF-8), growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), activin A, and follistatin, were analyzed via blood samples. Statistical analyses were performed using repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), analysis of variance (ANOVA), and effect size (i.e., cohen's , partial eta square), and the significance level was set at 0.05. The RT group improved their functional fitness, grip strength, gait speed, and isometric muscle strength ( < 0.01, > 0.99; large), while these variables did not change in the CG. An increase in intramuscular fat was only observed in the CG ( < 0.01, 1.06; large). Muscle growth factors such as follistatin were significantly increased in the RT ( < 0.05, 0.81; large), but other variables did not change following resistance training. Sixteen weeks of resistance training improved functional fitness and prevented age-related increases in intramuscular fat in the thigh area. However, there were only some changes in muscle growth factors, such as follistatin, suggesting that the effectiveness of resistance training on muscle growth factors is limited. Body weight-based and elastic band resistance training is an alternative training method for sarcopenia to minimize the age-related adverse effects on muscle function and quality.
这项研究旨在探讨抗阻训练对患有肌肉减少症的老年女性肌肉质量、肌肉生长因子和功能健康的影响。22 名年龄在 65 岁以上且患有肌肉减少症的老年女性被随机分为抗阻训练组（RT，n=12）和非运动对照组（CG，n=10）。RT 组采用基于体重和弹性带的抗阻训练，每周进行 3 次，每次 60 分钟，共进行 16 周。双能 X 射线吸收法（DEXA）和计算机断层扫描（CT）分别用于估计身体成分和大腿肌肉质量。通过血液样本分析肌肉生长因子，包括生长分化因子-8（GDF-8）、生长分化因子-15（GDF-15）、激活素 A 和卵泡抑素。采用重复测量多元方差分析（MANOVA）、方差分析（ANOVA）和效应量（即 Cohen's d，部分 eta 平方）进行统计分析，显著性水平设为 0.05。结果显示，与 CG 相比，RT 组的功能健康、握力、步速和等长肌肉力量显著提高（ < 0.01， > 0.99；大），而 CG 组这些变量没有变化。仅在 CG 组观察到肌肉内脂肪增加（ < 0.01，1.06；大）。肌肉生长因子如卵泡抑素在 RT 组显著增加（ < 0.05，0.81；大），但其他变量在抗阻训练后没有变化。16 周的抗阻训练可改善功能健康，防止大腿部位与年龄相关的肌肉内脂肪增加。然而，只有肌肉生长因子如卵泡抑素发生了一些变化，这表明抗阻训练对肌肉生长因子的有效性有限。基于体重和弹性带的抗阻训练是肌肉减少症的一种替代训练方法，可以最大限度地减少与年龄相关的对肌肉功能和质量的不良影响。
