Kimber-Trojnar Żaneta, Pilszyk Aleksandra, Niebrzydowska Magdalena, Pilszyk Zuzanna, Ruszała Monika, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak Bożena
Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
Scientific Association at the 2nd Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2021 Jun 23;10(13):2762. doi: 10.3390/jcm10132762.
Endometriosis is a disease that affects women of reproductive age and has a significantly negative impact on their well-being. The main symptoms are dysmenorrhoea, chronic pelvic pain and infertility. In many patients the diagnostic process is very long and can take up to 8-12 years. Laparoscopy, an invasive method, is still necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Therefore, development of more effective diagnostic markers appears to be of the utmost importance for early diagnosis of endometriosis and provision of appropriate treatment. From a clinical point of view, detection of early-stage endometriosis in asymptomatic patients is an ideal situation since early diagnosis of endometriosis may delay the onset of symptoms as well as prevent progression and complications. In the meantime, Cancer Antigen 125 (CA-125) is still the most frequently studied and used marker. Other glycoproteins, growth factors and immune markers seem to play an important role. However, the search for an ideal endometriosis marker is still underway. Further studies into the pathogenesis of endometriosis will help to identify biomarkers or sets of biomarkers with the potential to improve and speed up the diagnostic process in a non-invasive way.
子宫内膜异位症是一种影响育龄女性的疾病，对她们的健康有显著负面影响。主要症状为痛经、慢性盆腔疼痛和不孕。在许多患者中，诊断过程非常漫长，可能长达8至12年。腹腔镜检查作为一种侵入性方法，对于确诊仍然是必要的。因此，开发更有效的诊断标志物对于子宫内膜异位症的早期诊断和提供适当治疗似乎至关重要。从临床角度来看，在无症状患者中检测早期子宫内膜异位症是一种理想情况，因为子宫内膜异位症的早期诊断可能会延迟症状的出现，并防止病情进展和并发症。与此同时，癌抗原125（CA-125）仍然是研究和使用最频繁的标志物。其他糖蛋白、生长因子和免疫标志物似乎也发挥着重要作用。然而，寻找理想的子宫内膜异位症标志物的工作仍在进行中。对子宫内膜异位症发病机制的进一步研究将有助于识别具有以非侵入性方式改善和加速诊断过程潜力的生物标志物或生物标志物组合。
