Trujanovic Robert, Otero Pablo E, Marhofer Peter, Auer Ulrike, Kau Silvio
Anesthesia and Perioperative Intensive Care Unit, Department of Small Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, 2210 Vienna, Austria.
Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1421BA, Argentina.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Jun 12;11(6):1759. doi: 10.3390/ani11061759.
Desensitizing the femoral nerve (FN) improves pain control in several species undergoing pelvic limb surgeries. Despite its advantages, this method has not yet been described in pigs, although they make an accepted surgical animal model. Based on anatomical dissections, first performed in two pig cadavers, an ultrasound-guided access for localization and perineural infiltration of the FN trunk at the iliopsoas compartment level was specified. The FN was found running between the psoas major and medial portion of iliac muscle. Ultrasonographically, the FN appeared as a hypoechogenic round-oval structure surrounded by a hyperechogenic rim. Technical feasibility and accuracy were assessed in six additional pig cadavers by injecting 0.15 mL kg methylene blue dye bilaterally in direct proximity to the nerve. The needle was inserted caudoventral to the coxal tuber, traversing the ultrasound plane as it progressed towards the FN in dorsomedial direction. Staining of the nerve was evaluated by dissection. The injection was considered effective if the nerve was stained in its entire circumference over a length of 2 cm. FNs of all investigated individuals could be successfully stained. This ultrasound-guided subiliac approach allows feasible and accurate access to the FN and may be useful in producing a successful blockade in vivo.
使股神经（FN）脱敏可改善几种接受盆腔肢体手术的动物的疼痛控制。尽管有其优点，但这种方法尚未在猪身上得到描述，尽管猪是公认的手术动物模型。基于最初在两头猪尸体上进行的解剖，确定了一种在超声引导下于髂腰肌间隙水平定位和对FN干进行神经周围浸润的方法。发现FN走行于腰大肌和髂肌内侧部分之间。在超声检查中，FN表现为一个低回声的圆形 - 椭圆形结构，周围有高回声边缘。通过在双侧神经附近直接注射0.15 mL/kg亚甲蓝染料，在另外六头猪尸体上评估了技术可行性和准确性。针从髋结节的尾腹侧插入，在向背内侧方向朝向FN推进时穿过超声平面。通过解剖评估神经的染色情况。如果神经在2 cm长度的整个圆周上都被染色，则认为注射有效。所有被研究个体的FN均可成功染色。这种超声引导下的髂下方法能够可行且准确地到达FN，可能有助于在体内成功进行阻滞。
